金银花根系VAM真菌侵染过程观察  

Investigation of the Mycorrhiza Forming in Honeysuckle Infected by Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal(VAM)

作　　者：曹翠玲[1] 张玖玲 杨向娜[1] 邵阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]深圳华大基因研究院,广东深圳518083

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第3期479-485,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究发展计划(2013K01-38)

摘　　要：在金银花生长季节,从西北农林科技大学北校区药用植物园采集金银花根系及根际土壤,采用形态学方法观察研究了VAM真菌侵染其根系的过程,并对其孢子进行了初步的形态学分类。结果表明:(1)VAM真菌侵染金银花根系时,先形成附着胞,然后入侵到皮层细胞,在根内形成线性菌丝、圈状菌丝;菌丝末端产生泡囊;在较粗的菌丝上产生丛枝状菌丝,而且VAM胞内菌丝主干可以穿越相邻的2个皮层细胞,在皮层中连续形成丛枝;VAM菌丝形成丛枝时,首先是胞内菌丝上膨大产生乳状突起,而后在乳状突起上产生较粗的丛枝柄,最后在这些丛枝柄上产生极细的丛枝状菌丝形成成熟的丛枝结构。(2)VAM真菌菌丝在金银花皮层细胞中,有伸展状态、菌丝圈及丛枝状态,所以金银花与VAM真菌形成的菌根是混合型菌根。(3)金银花根际土壤中至少存在3种类型的VAM真菌孢子,因此认为金银花至少可与3种VAM真菌共生。(4)金银花种植地土壤有效磷含量(6.6mg/kg)显著高于对照空地土壤有效磷含量(3.5mg/kg);金银花生长旺盛季(4月下旬到5月中旬)VAM真菌对其根系的侵染率高达81%。In this paper,authors investigated the forming process of VAM in the root of honeysuckle.Results showed that：（1）when honeysuckle＇s root was infected by VAM fungi,appressorium appeared firstly in the root epidermis,and then hyphae invaded cortical cells.There were down with linear and looped hyphae to form finaly in the cortical cells.Vesicle appeared at the end of the hyphae;In the thick hyphae,very tiny and dense mycelium appeared.It looked like a crown that was the arbuscular.some coarser hyphae could pass through two neighboring cortical cells and formed arbuscular continuously.When VAM hyphae formed arbuscular,VAM hyphae inflated and formed a emulsion bumps and then grow out of a short and thick stalk hyphae,then wiched broom.（2）There were three VAM hyphae morphological types in honeysuckle cortex cells：the stretching,hyphal coils and arbscule;honeysuckle with VAM mycorrhiza should belong to mixed mycorrhizal.（3）There were at least three types of VAM fungi spores in the honeysuckler＇s rhizosphere,so honeysuckle formed a symbiotic relationship with at least three kinds of VAM fungi.（4）Available phosphorus content of the soil planting honeysuckle was 6.6mg/kg that was significantly higher than that of the no plant soil＇s（3.5 mg/kg）;Impregnation rate of the VAM was 81% in the vigorous growth season（late April to mid-May）.

关 键 词：金银花根系 VAM真菌 侵染过程 

分 类 号：Q944.5[生物学—植物学]