‘丰水’梨二次开花过程中枝皮和花芽有机营养变化特征  

Variation of Organic Nutrition on Shoot and Flower Bud of‘Hosui'Pear(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)during Reflorescence Period

作　　者：张全军[1] 钟必凤[1] 李文贵[1] 邓家林[1] 张绍铃[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所/农业部西南地区园艺作物生物学及种质创制重点实验室,成都610066 [2]南京农业大学梨工程技术研究中心,南京210095

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第3期493-498,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家梨产业技术体系建设项目(NYCYTX29-37);四川省应用基础研究项目(15JC0096)

摘　　要：为了探讨砂梨二次开花与枝皮和花芽营养之间的关系,分析了‘丰水’梨去叶后二次开花过程中枝皮和花芽有机营养的变化。结果显示:(1)‘丰水’梨从去叶后第6天出现萌芽现象,在第2周萌芽率迅猛增长,至第42天萌芽率增至91%,满树呈春天开花现象。(2)去叶后初期‘丰水’梨枝皮中可溶性糖含量逐渐增加,并于第12天时达到高峰后迅速下降,且枝皮中可溶性糖和淀粉含量迅速降低的时期与花芽萌芽率快速提高期同步;去叶后枝皮中可溶性蛋白质含量急剧降低,而花芽中游离氨基酸的含量迅速增加。(3)‘丰水’梨花芽萌芽率与枝皮、花芽中的淀粉和可溶性蛋白质含量呈极显著或显著负相关关系,而与花芽中可溶性糖含量呈显著正相关关系。研究表明,砂梨枝皮、花芽中有机营养物质及其活跃状态是影响其花芽萌动的重要原因。To elucidate the relationship between reflorescence and nutrition conditions,were investigated the organic nutrition changes in shoots and flower buds from the Pyrus pyrifolia cv.Hosui during reflorescence.The results showed that：（1）along with the bud break at 6ddefoliated by hand,the budding rate was keeping low rising,and flowers opened fully at 42 d.（2）The soluble sugar was increased firstly when the tree defoliated by hand.However,the soluble sugar content was decreased at the 12 dof rapid increasing stage for budding rate.The budding rate increasing stage was consistent with starch contents reducing periods in shoots.In addition,protein content in shoots was decreased to promote rapid increasing for the free amino acid content in the flower buds.（3）The related positive or negative correlation for budding rate and starch content,soluble protein content in flower bud and shoot reached at the 1% significant level,respectively.The positive correlation for budding rate and soluble sugar content in flower bud were 0.794,reached at the 5% significant level.It was indicated the nutrition conditions played important roles in the reflorescence occurrence for Pyrus pyrifolia cv.Hosui.

关 键 词：砂梨 二次花 营养条件 可溶性糖 淀粉 可溶性蛋白 

分 类 号：Q945.6[生物学—植物学]