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作 者:张昱[1,2] 韦艳芳[2,3,4] 彭政[5] 蒋亦民[5] 段文山[1] 厚美瑛[2]
机构地区:[1]西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院,兰州730070 [2]中国科学院物理研究所,软物质物理重点实验室,北京凝聚态国家重点实验室,北京100190 [3]玉林师范学院物理科学与工程技术学院,玉林537000 [4]上海大学,上海市应用数学和力学研究所,上海200072 [5]中南大学物理与电子学院,长沙410083
出 处:《物理学报》2016年第8期211-218,共8页Acta Physica Sinica
基 金:地震行业科研经费(批准号:201208011);国家自然科学基金(批准号:11274354,11047003);中国科学院空间科学战略性先导科技专项(批准号:XDA04020200)资助的课题~~
摘 要:本文发现在测量误差内颗粒物质的下列三个临界角度相等:1)从直径为的倾斜孔洞流出的Beverloo颗粒流的流量开始停止的临界倾角c向大孔径极限线性外推c≡c(→∞)的补角s=180°-c;2)从靠近堆顶的点源向光滑底板缓慢下落颗粒形成的圆锥形堆的休止角r;3)直接剪切矩形颗粒固体测得的库仑内摩擦角φ.该结果倾向支持倾斜孔洞和颗粒堆自由表面的固-液转变与颗粒固体内部的库仑屈服均来自材料的同一临界性质.由于三种情况样品的内部应力和变形等都是目前还远不能定量分析的复杂非均匀分布,我们仅从定性角度对此给出一些讨论.Systematic experimental study on inclined orifice flow and the measurement of the angle of repose are carried out in this work. The inclined orifice flow is formed by glass beads in an inclined channel. The flow is discharged near the bottom of the channel under gravity. The flow rates are measured at various inclination angles of the channel and opening sizes of the orifice. We then record the inclination angle when the rate becomes zero. We compare this zero-rate inclination angle with the repose angle of glass-beads, and the internal friction angle is determined by the yield stress obtained from a direct shear experiment. It is interesting to find that the experimental values at these three measured critical angles are equal within the experimental errors: 1) the supplementary angle of the extrapolating inclined angle at which the flow rate becomes zero and the inclined hole of diameter approaches infinitely large value(i. e. → ∞), s = 180~°, where c is the critical angle for the inclined hole of diameter and c ≡ c( → ∞); 2) the repose angle r of a cone-shaped pile, which is formed when particles fall from the top point of the heap onto a smooth bottom plate; and 3) the internal friction angle φ that is measured by direct shear experiment. This result intends to support that the solid-liquid transitions occurring in the inclined orifice flow and free surface of granular heap, and the Coulomb yield occurring in the bulk of the granular solid all originate from the same critical property. Owing to the fact that the internal stresses and strains of samples in the three cases all have complicated and nonuniform distributions so that they cannot be analyzed quantitatively at present, Only some qualitative discussion on this issue is given in this paper.
关 键 词:倾斜孔洞流 休止角 库仑内摩擦角 Beverloo公式
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