舰员普通感冒影响因素分析  

Analysis of the risk factors of common cold in the naval afloat unit

作　　者：王晓阳[1] 姜毅[1] 方庭正[1] 段蕴铀[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军总医院呼吸科,北京100048

出　　处：《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》2016年第1期22-26,共5页Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine

基　　金：海军后勤科研课题（CHJ12J023）

摘　　要：目的探讨舰员普通感冒的影响因素。方法采用病例对照的方法进行研究，以问卷调查的形式选取694例舰艇部队舰员进行回顾性调查，按易患感冒程度分成易患感冒组（年感冒次数≥2次）（365例）和对照组（年感冒次数〈2次）（329例），用logistic方法探讨相关影响因素。结果单因素分析结果显示，文化程度、吸炯情况、蔬菜摄入量、水果摄入量、睡眠质量、体育锻炼频率、年抗菌药物使用次数2组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。调整相关影响因素后，普通感冒的影响因素为文化程度、吸烟、被动吸烟、水果摄入量不足（〈3次／周）、睡眠质量差、体育锻炼频率不足（〈3次／周）、年抗菌药物使用次数较多（I〉3次），其OR值（95％CI）分别为0．681（0．470～0．986）、1．812（1．046～3．138）、2．160（1．337—3．490）、2．109（1．495～3．205）、4．204（2．927～6．038）、2．440（1．584～3．758）、5．178（3．486～7．691），而蔬菜摄入量（〈3次／周）与普通感冒呈正相关。结论文化程度为普通感冒的独立保护因素，吸烟、被动吸烟、水果摄入量不足（〈3次／周）、睡眠质量差、体育锻炼频率不足（〈3次／周）为普通感冒的独立危险因素。Objective To investigate the risk factors of common cold in the naval afloat unit. Methods A retrospective survey was made on the 694 naval afloat personnel and the case -control study was performed. The subjects were divided into the more liable to common cold group （common cold per year ≥ 2 twice） （ totaling 365 cases ） and the less liable to common cold group （ common cold per year 〈 2 twice ） （ totaling 329 cases） , by depending on their liability to cold. Multivariate risk factors of common cold were analyzed by using logistic regression method. Results Single factor or univariate analysis showed that there was statistical significance in educational background, active smoking and passive smoking, vegetable consumption, fruit consumption, sleep quality, exercise, application of antibiotics per year, when comparisons were made between two groups （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multivariate analysis showed that related factors of common cold were educational background, active smoking and passive smoking, fruit consumption （ 〈 3 times per week）, sleep quality, exercise（ 〈 3 times per week） and application of antibiotics per year（ 〉 3 times） after adjustment of the influential factors, with odds ratio and 95% confidence interval being respectively 0. 681 （0. 470- 0. 986）, 1.812 （ 1. 046 - 3.138 ） , 2.160 （ 1. 337 - 3. 490）, 2. 109 （ 1. 495 - 3. 205 ）, 4. 204 （ 2. 927 - 6. 038 ） , 2. 440 （ 1. 584 - 3. 758） and 5. 178 （3. 486 - 7. 691 ）. The factor of vegetable consumption （ 〈 3 times per week） was positively correlated with common cold. Conclusions The study demonstrated that educational background was an independent protective factor of common cold, while active smoking, passive smoking, fruit consumption （ 〈3 times per week） , sleep quality and exereise （ 〈 3 times per week） were independent risk factors of common cold.

关 键 词：普通感冒 危险因素 舰艇 

分 类 号：R847[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]