中国冶金装备冶炼高铁轨道用钢关键问题研究  

Study about Key Issues of the Steel for High-speed Railway Track With Chinese Metallurgical Equipment

作　　者：郭汉杰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [2]高端金属材料特种熔炼与制备北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《冶金设备》2016年第1期1-10,25,共11页Metallurgical Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助:51274031

摘　　要：通过分析我国高铁用钢成分的标准制定以及与国外钢的成分标准的差别及我国对外招标购买国外重轨用钢的成分,发现我国重轨用钢对钢中有害元素的成分控制与世界先进水平差距甚远;分析研究了钢中五大有害元素[T.O]、[S]、[P]、[H]、[N]的含量及非金属夹杂物对钢的力学性能,特别是疲劳寿命的影响,其中重点研究了全氧含量对轴承钢疲劳寿命的影响;分析了目前冶金企业现有技术和设备的状况下冶炼高纯净钢的可能性,建议针对高铁轨道用钢有害元素含量制定更加严格的标准,特别是五大有害元素的含量:全氧含量[T.O]<10×10-6;[S]<10×10-6;[P]<20×10-6;[H]<1×10-6;[N]<30×10-6;高速铁路轨道钢中五大有害元素[T.O]、[S]、[P]、[H]、[N]的总量应该小于71×10-6,即71ppm,以保障高速铁路运营时,不会因为轨道使用的钢材问题而出现恶性事故。Through analysis of the high-speed heavy rail steel components with foreign steel composition and the difference between the standard tender to purchase abroad of China＇s foreign component of heavy rail steel,steel that China＇s heavy rail harmful elements in steel is much higher than components of the world＇s advanced level;analysis of the five elements in steel [TO],[S],[P],[H],[N] content and non-metallic inclusions on the mechanical properties of steel,especially the impact of fatigue life,which focuses on the total oxygen content of bearing steel fatigue life; analysis of the current metallurgical enterprises of existing technology and equipment conditions the possibility of refining high- purity steel is recommended for high-speed rail track steel content of harmful elements in the development of more strict standards,[T. O] 〈10 × 10- 6,[S] 〈10 × 10- 6,[P]〈 20 × 10- 6,[H] 〈1 × 10- 6and[N] 30 × 10- 6,or all of the harmful elements are less than 71 × 10- 6,to protect high-speed rail operations around the world,avoid the use of low-standard steel and rail accidents occur.

关 键 词：高速铁路 洁净钢 疲劳寿命 冶金装备 

分 类 号：U214.8[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TF76[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]