锦州地区肾综合征出血热人间疫情及宿主动物的带毒情况  

Epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in human and host animal infected cases in Jinzhou

作　　者：孙佩龙[1] 张振[1] 张旭[1] 范凯[1] 毛玲玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]锦州市疾病预防控制中心,辽宁锦州121001 [2]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁沈阳120000

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2016年第2期155-159,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：国家重大传染病防治科技重大专项项目(编号:2009ZX10004-209)

摘　　要：目的分析锦州市2008-2015年肾综合征出血热(HFRS)人间疫情特征及鼠种构成、鼠密度、带毒率情况,为出血热的防治工作提供前期思路。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析HFRS疫情,利用ELISA法检测人血清及鼠血膜标本隐性感染率,免疫荧光法检测鼠肺带毒率。结果锦州地区共确诊1 076例HFRS患者,年平均发病率4.31/10万,3-5月为发病高峰期,以青壮年为主,农民是高发职业人群;共捕获啮齿类动物2 513只,共2科4属5种,优势种在居民区为褐家鼠,在野外为黑线姬鼠,鼠密度为3.73%,检出HV抗原阳性鼠肺样品103份,病毒携带率为4.09%,各年之间鼠肺带毒率有显著性差异(χ2=13.579,P<0.05),鼠血膜隐性感染率平均水平为13.78%。结论锦州地区HFRS人群发病率及鼠间疫情呈上升趋势,鼠带毒率处于较高水平。应严格监测疫区动态,避免人群HFRS疫情暴发。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（ HFRS）,species composition of rodents,density of rodents and the infection rate in Jinzhou from 2008 to 2015,and provide preliminary ideas for hemorrhagic fever prevention work. Methods The epidemic situation of HFRS were analyzed by description epidemiological methods. The infection rates of human serum and membrane for rodent blood specimens were detected by ELISA method,and the rate of poisoned rodent lungs by immunofluorescence. Results1 076 cases of HFRS patients were confirmed. The incidence of the average annual was 4. 31 /100 thousand in Jinzhou. The peak of onset was from March to May,mainly for young adults. The farmer was high-risk occupation. 2513 rodents were captured,belonging to five species in four genera of two families. The dominant species were Rattus norvegicus in residential areas and Apodemus agrarius in the field. The density of rodents was 3. 73%. 103 HV antigen-positive samples of rodent lung were detected,with 4. 09% carrying rate of the virus. There was a significant difference of the carrying rates of the virus among 8 years（ χ^2= 13. 579,P〈0. 05）. The average rate of recessive infection was 13. 78% in membrane of rat blood. Conclusion The population incidence of HFRS in human and rodents show an increasing tendency,with a high level of poison rates of rat. Dynamic of infected areas should be strictly monitored in order to avoid outbreaks of HFRS.

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 疫情 鼠密度 带毒率 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] R184.3[农业科学—植物保护]