美沙酮维持结合认知行为治疗及家属同步健康教育对吸毒患者康复效果的影响  

Rehabilitation effect of methadone maintenance combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy and family synchronization health education for drug addicts

作　　者：高镇松[1] 陈泽华[1] 刘玲娜[1] 陈少琴[1] 邱清娟[1] 吴民吉[1] 

机构地区：[1]汕头市第四人民医院精神科,广东515021

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2016年第7期5-8,共4页Journal Of Community Medicine

基　　金：2012年度汕头市医疗重点科技计划项目(汕府科[2012]113-1)

摘　　要：目的探讨美沙酮维持结合认知行为治疗及家属同步健康教育对吸毒患者康复效果的影响。方法选择2012年1月—2013年12月收治的由于海洛因依赖接受美沙酮维持治疗的患者72例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组35例和研究组37例。对照组患者在美沙酮维持治疗基础上结合一般健康教育,研究组在对照组基础上结合认知行为治疗及家属同步健康教育,两组均治疗6个月。分别于治疗前后评估并比较两组患者对毒品危害性的认知程度及不良行为发生情况。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果治疗后,研究组对毒品危害身心、易感染艾滋病、危害家庭、损害社会功能的认知率分别为89.19%、83.78%、94.59%和89.19%,均显著高于对照组的68.57%、60.00%、60.00%和65.71%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。干预后,研究组患者不遵医、懒散发生率分别为10.81%、8.11%,均低于对照组的31.43%、31.43%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。家属评价方面,研究组患者不遵医、不文明、懒散、赌博、暴力发生率分别为5.41%、13.51%、10.81%、5.41%和8.11%,均低于对照组的28.57%、34.29%、31.43%、25.71%和34.29%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论美沙酮维持结合认知行为治疗及家属同步健康教育能显著提高吸毒患者对毒品危害性的认知程度,同时减少患者的不良行为,促进患者康复和回归社会。Objective To explore the rehabilitation effect of methadone maintenance combined with cognitive- behavioral therapy and family synchronization health education for drug addicts.Methods 72 cases due to heroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment from January 2012 to December 2013 were selected and randomly divided into control group（n=35） and study group（n=37）.The patients in control group treated with methadone maintenance treatment combined general health education,while the patients in study group treated by cognitive behavioral therapy and families synchronized health education on the basis of control group.Both the two groups were observed for 6 months.Before and after treatment,the drug hazard awareness and incidence of bad behaviors were assessed and compared between the two groups.Count data was processed by chi square test,P〈0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results After treatment,the cognition rates of physical and mental harmfulness,vulnerable to HIV infection,damage families,damages social function in the study group were 89.19%,83.78%,94.59% and 89.19%,which were higher than those in the control group（68.57%,60.00%,60.00%,65.71%）,the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）.After the intervention,the incidences of non- compliance,laziness in the study group were 10.81%,8.11%,which were lower than those in the control group（31.43%,31.43%）,the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）.In family evaluation,the incidences of non- compliance,incivilization,laziness,gambling and violence in the study group were 5.41%,13.51%,10.81%,5.41%and 8.11%,which were lower than those in the control group（28.57%,34.29%,31.43%,25.71% and 34.29%）,the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）.Conclusion Methadone maintenance treatment in combination with cognitive- behavioral therapy and families synchronization health education,can significantly improve patients＇ perception of drug- related harm,while reducing the

关 键 词：美沙酮维持治疗 海洛因依赖 认知行为 健康教育 吸毒 

分 类 号：R971.2[医药卫生—药品]