现代中国的乡村契约文书与农民地权实践--1949年后的邢台县前南峪文书解读  

The Practice of Rural Contract Documents and Farmers' Property Rights in Modern China——An Interpretation of Qiannanyu Documents in Xingtai County after 1949

作　　者：何燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省湖州师范学院政治学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2016年第2期23-33,95,共11页China Rural Survey

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地2011年度重大研究项目“现代中国的日常生活”(编号:11JJD770026);2014年国家社会科学基金项目“当代中共党史乡村民间史料的收集、整理与研究”(编号:14CDJ008)的资助

摘　　要：河北省邢台县前南峪村保存有1949年以来的大量珍贵契约文书。通过对该文书内容及特点的分析,可以看出,新中国成立前后田宅买卖契约在行文格式上少有变动,传统契约习惯和乡村契约秩序仍具有很强的韧性和生命力。同时,前南峪文书中的村际兑地契约又表现出强烈的时代气息和鲜明的地域特色。在时代变迁的背景下农民以其独特的智慧,突破层层限制,探索着适合自身发展的有效道路。在地权分配问题上,很多契约文书的达成及其后的具体实践都是农民因地、因时制宜的创新之举。前南峪文书向人们展示出,乡村社会网络与非正式制度是如何在日常生活中潜移默化地影响着地权的界定与村民的地权实践。A large number of precious contract documents since 1949 are preserved in Qiannanyu village, Xingtai County, Hebei Province. Through analyzing the content and features of these archives, this article finds that before and after the founding of China, there is little change in the format of contracts for the purchase and sale of land and houses, and that the traditional habits and rural order of drawing up contracts still present strong resilience and vitality. Meanwhile, the contract documents in Qiannanyu village reflect a strong feel of the times and distinctive regional characteristics. With the change of the times, the farmers have broken through the constraints and explored an effective way of development by virtue of their unique wisdom. On the land distribution issue, many contracts signed and practiced by farmers have turned to be innovative actions in mountainous areas. Qiannanyu Documents demonstrate that along with the influences from the government and the market, rural social network and informal institution also exert subtle effects on the definition of land rights and villagers' practices in daily life.

关 键 词：农民地权 契约文书 村史 河北省 

分 类 号：F329.0[经济管理—产业经济]