木薯品种新选048耐旱生理特性研究  

Physiological Characteristics of Drought-tolerance of a New Cassava Variety Xinxuan 048

作　　者：罗兴录[1,2] 韦婉羚 单忠英[1] 樊吴静[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005 [2]亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2016年第3期499-504,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广科技攻关项目--木薯节水高效智能化微滴灌溉系统研究与示范(桂科攻1222014);广科技攻关项目--高产高粉;适于机械化生产木薯新品种选育与示范(桂科重14121005-2-1);广西水利厅科技项目--木薯高效节水灌溉技术研究与示范(No.201413);南宁市科技攻关项目--木薯需水特性与节水灌溉技术研究与示范(No.20132307);高产优质木薯新品种选育及配套高产高效栽培技术示范推广(No.201109044B)

摘　　要：以木薯新品种新选048为材料,采用干旱胁迫方法,测定各个生育时期与水分代谢和耐旱相关的各项生理指标,研究该品种耐旱的生理特性。结果表明,不同的水分处理显著影响木薯的株高、茎粗、叶片的自由水/束缚水、脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量、MDA含量、保护酶活性、叶绿素含量以及细胞膜透性;随着水分胁迫的增强与胁迫时间的延长,木薯叶片的脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、电解质相对外渗率、SOD活性、CAT活性等均不断上升,而POD活性先下降后上升,可溶性糖含量先上升后下降。随着水分胁迫程度的加深,木薯的株高、茎粗、叶绿素含量以及自由水/束缚水不断下降;而随着水分胁迫时间的延长,自由水/束缚水不断下降,叶绿素含量先上升后下降,但是变化幅度都比较小。可见,在干旱胁迫下,脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、电解质相对外渗率、SOD活性、CAT活性等提高,自由水/束缚水降低,这些指标可以作为木薯耐旱性评价的主要生理指标。The physiological ch aracteristics of drought-tolerance of a new cassava variety Xinxuan 048 were studied under drought stress in this experiment. The results showed that different water treatments significantly affected cassava plant height, stem diameter, leaf free water / bound water, proline content, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, MDA content, the activity of protective enzymes, chlorophyll content and cell membrane permeability. With the extension of enhanced water stress and stress time, cassava leaf proline content,MDA content, soluble protein content, relative electrolyte leakage rate, SOD activity, CAT activity were on the rise, while POD activity decreased first after rising, falling after the soluble sugar content increased first. With the deepening of the degree of water stress, cassava plant height, stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll content and free water / bound water falling; and with the increase of water stress time, free water / bound water ratio was declining, and the chlorophyll content was rising at the first and then falling, but the magnitudes of change were relatively slow. Thus, under drought stress, the proline content, MDA content, soluble protein content, relative electrolyte leakage rate, SOD activity and CAT activity increased and the free water / bound water content ratio decreased, which were used as the main physiological indexes of drought-tolerance assessment of cassava.

关 键 词：木薯 新选048 干旱胁迫 耐旱生理指标 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学]