原油罐沸溢火灾发展阶段及沸溢发生时间试验研究  

Experimental study of development stages and boilover onset time of crude oil tank fire

作　　者：孔得朋[1] 刘鹏翔[1] 陈国明[1] 平平[1] 张辛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2016年第2期62-66,共5页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51504282);博士后科学基金会面上项目资助(2014M 560592);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(14CX02131A);青岛市科技计划项目(14-2-4-64-jch)

摘　　要：为观察原油储罐沸溢火灾燃烧过程,探究影响沸溢发生时间的因素及规律,利用小尺寸模拟储罐开展原油罐火灾模拟试验研究。根据火焰图像与质量燃烧速率变化,原油罐火灾可以划分为扩展、稳定燃烧、沸溢燃烧、火焰熄灭4个阶段。在考虑油罐尺寸与初始油层厚度的基础上,建立原油罐火灾沸溢发生时间预测模型。结果表明,沸溢发生时间与初始油层厚度和油罐直径的比值呈正比关系。For the sake of observing the development of crude oil tank fire,exploring factors affecting the boilover onset time,and supporting the fire rescue operation,a small scale stimulation experiment study of oil tank fire was made. According to changes in the flame image and mass burning rate,the crude oil tank fire can be divided into four stages： the fire development stage,the steady combustion stage,the boilover fire stage,and the flame extinguished stage. A model was built for predicting the onset time of boiling by considering the size of the oil tank and the initial thickness of oil layer. The experimental results show that the boilover onset time is proportional to the ratio of the initial oil layer thickness to the diameter of the oil tank.

关 键 词：原油储罐火灾 火焰特征 发展阶段 沸溢发生时间 预测模型 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]