不同氮水平营养液对砂培黄瓜幼苗生长及根系形态的影响  

Effect of Nutrient Solutions With Different Nitrogen Levels on the Growth and Root Morphology of Cucumber Seedlings in Sand Culture

作　　者：于洪杰[1] 周新刚[1] 关颂娜[1,2] 吴凤芝[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]汤原县农业技术推广中心,黑龙江汤原154700

出　　处：《北方园艺》2016年第7期17-22,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-25-08);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2014BAD05B01)

摘　　要：以"津绿30号"(氮低效)和"津优2号"(氮高效)2种氮效率黄瓜品种为试材,研究了砂培条件下不同氮水平营养液(0.875、3.500mmol/L)对黄瓜幼苗生长及根系形态的影响。结果表明:播种后第21、28天,在正常供氮条件下(3.500mmol/L),氮高效黄瓜品种幼苗的叶面积,地上、地下部干重,根长,根表面积以及根尖数均高于氮低效黄瓜品种;低氮条件下(0.875mmol/L),氮低效黄瓜品种的株高、茎粗等生长指标显著高于氮高效黄瓜品种,而叶面积,地上、地下部干重,根长及根表面积差异不显著,但28d时,氮高效品种的根尖数显著高于氮低效品种。播种后21d,根系直径范围在0.0mm<D≤0.5mm、0.5mm<D≤1.0mm和1.0mm<D≤1.5mm时,正常供氮下的氮高效黄瓜品种的根长和根表面均高于其它处理,低氮条件下,2个品种间均无显著差异;28d时,根系直径范围在0.0mm<D≤0.5mm时,正常供氮下的氮高效黄瓜品种的根长显著高于氮低效品种的2个处理,低氮条件下,氮低效品种与氮高效品种根长差异不显著。因此,正常供氮下的黄瓜幼苗的地上和地下干重、根长、根表面积、根尖数均可作为氮高效黄瓜品种筛选的参考指标,低氮条件下,根尖数可为氮高效黄瓜品种筛选提供依据。Cucumber cultivars,‘Jinlyu 30＇and‘Jinyou 2＇,which had low and high nitrogen efficiencies,respectively,were used as test materials.Effects of nutrient solutions contained different levels of nitrogen（0.875,3.500mmol/L）on the growth and root morphology of cucumber cultivars with differing nitrogen efficiencies were investigated.The results showed that on the 21 th and 28 th day after cucumber seeding,the leaf area,aboveground and belowground dry biomass,total root length and surface area,root tip number of cucumber cultivar with high nitrogen efficiency were higher than that of cultivar with low nitrogen efficiency when supplied with normal nitrogen（3.500mmol/L）,under the condition of low nitrogen（0.875mmol/L）,the plant height and stem diameter of cultivar with low nitrogen efficiency were higher than that of cultivar with high nitrogen efficiency,but the other index between the two cultivars had no significant difference except the root tip number of cucumber cultivar with high nitrogen efficiency were higher than that of the cultivar with low nitrogen efficiency at 28 days.21days after seeding,the length and surface area of roots with diameter in the range of 0.0mmD≤0.5mm,0.5mmD≤1.0mm and 1.0mmD≤1.5mm were higher for cultivar with high nitrogen efficiency supplied with normal nitrogen than other treatments,and there was no significant difference between the two cultivars when supplied with low nitrogen;28dafter seeding,the length of roots with diameter in the range of0.0mmD≤0.5mm were higher for cultivar with high nitrogen efficiency supplied with normal nitrogen than cultivars with low nitrogen efficiency supplied with normal nitrogen,and there was no significance between the treatments with low nitrogen either.Overall,aboveground and belowground dry biomass,root length and surface area,and root tip number can be used as reference indexes when screening cucumber cultivars with high nitrogen efficiency,and root tip number could provide a basis for choosing cucumber high nitrogen effici

关 键 词：黄瓜 氮效率 根系形态 砂培 

分 类 号：S642.206.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]