种植苜蓿及苜蓿覆盖对核桃园土壤性质的影响  

Effect of Growing Alfalfa and Mulching Alfalfa on Soil Properties in Walnut Orchard

作　　者：李惠[1] 赵丹[1] 苏彦苹[1] 李保国[1,2] 齐国辉[1,2] 郝建超[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省核桃工程技术研究中心,河北邢台054300

出　　处：《北方园艺》2016年第7期166-170,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2013BAD14B01);河北省科技支撑计划资助项目(14236811D)

摘　　要：为明确核桃园生草、覆盖效果,研究了核桃园行间种植苜蓿及苜蓿刈割后覆盖行内对土壤含水量、有机质、全N、全P、速效N、速效P等土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明：经过1年试验处理后,各处理0～20cm土层土壤全磷、速效氮、20～40cm土层的速效磷含量均存在极显著差异,0～20cm和20～40cm土层土壤全氮、0～20cm土层土壤速效磷含量均存在显著差异。经过连续2年试验处理后,0～20cm土壤有机质,3个土层土壤全磷、速效磷、速效氮和0～20cm、20～40cm土层土壤全氮含量均存在极显著差异。与对照相比,经过连续2年苜蓿覆盖后,苜蓿覆盖区不同土层的土壤含水量提高了2.22～4.08个百分比点,苜蓿覆盖区0～20cm土层土壤有机质含量为14.67g/kg,提高了77.8%,土壤全磷含量为0.53g/kg,提高了55.9%;苜蓿种植区20～40cm土层土壤速效磷含量为17.17mg/kg,提高了22.4%。表明核桃园种植苜蓿和用苜蓿覆盖能有效地提高土壤含水量和养分含量,增强土壤养分供给能力。To determine the effects of sod cultivation and mulching in the walnut orchard,the effects of planting alfalfa,mowing and mulching alfalfa on the row in walnut orchard on the contents of soil water,soil organic matter,soil total N,total P,available N,available P were studied.The results showed that after 1year experiment,there were very significant differences of total phosphorus and available nitrogen contents in 0-20 cm soil layer,available phosphorus content in20-40 cm soil layer among the different treatments.There were significant differences of soil total nitrogen contents in0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers and available phosphorus content in 0-20 cm soil layer.After 2years experiment,there were very significant differences of soil organic matter content in 0-20 cm soil layer,soil total phosphorus,available phosphorus and available nitrogen contents in the three soil layers,soil total nitrogen contents in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layer.After two years alfalfa mulching,compared with the control,in alfalfa mulching area,the soil water contents in different soil layers increased by 2.22-4.08 percentage point.In alfalfa mulching area,the soil organic matter content in 0-20 cm layer was 14.67g/kg,increased by 77.8,and that of total phosphorus content was 0.53g/kg,increased by 55.9%.In alfalfa planting area,the soil available phosphorus content in 20-40 cm layer was 17.17mg/kg,increased by 22.4%.This indicated that the soil water contents and nutrient contents could be increased by planting and mulching alfalfa and the soil nutrient supplying capacity could be improved effectively.

关 键 词：核桃 苜蓿 覆盖 土壤 行间生草 

分 类 号：S664.106.1[农业科学—果树学]