我国部分地区农村生活垃圾处理现状及模式  

Status Quo and Modes of Domestic Waste Treatment in Rural Areas of China

作　　者：张敏[1,2] 韩智勇[3] 姜磊 谢棹骏 张国治[1,2] 贺莉[1,2] 程静思 潘科[1,2] 陈柏桦[1,2] 施国中[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部沼气科学研究所,成都610041 [2]农业部农村可再生能源开发利用重点实验室,成都610041 [3]成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院,成都610059 [4]南充市农村能源办公室,四川南充637000

出　　处：《中国沼气》2016年第2期89-95,共7页China Biogas

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划项目(2014NZ0045);中国农业科学院科技创新工程

摘　　要：文章采用入户访谈调查与发放自填调查为主,文献查阅和媒体宣传调查为辅的方式,重点对北京、南充市、新疆和西昌等地典型农村生活垃圾处理现状和模式,以及群众意愿进行了调研。调查显示,调查区农户对环境污染的感知以水体污染和生活垃圾污染为主,83%的调查区生活垃圾均采用填埋处理。农户对生活垃圾分类收集政策了解不足,有73%的调查农户对生活垃圾进行混合收集。虽然当前"户收集、村集中、镇转运、县(市)处理"的城乡一体化的运作模式在全国得以推广,但是由于该模式自身的局限性限制其在山区及偏远农村的应用。因此,结合农村的实际情况,研发经济适用的农村生活垃圾分散处理技术和装置显得尤为重要,以分散处理技术为基点的农村生活垃圾分类处理模式的探索也显得尤为必要。Using the method of household interview survey,filling out the questionnaires,combined with literature review and investigation of media publicity,this article conducted a investigation on the status quo of rural domestic waste treatment in rural areas of Beijing,Nanchong,Xinjiang and Xichang. According to the investigation,the farmers＇ perception about environmental pollution mainly focused on water pollution and domestic waste pollution. About 83% of domestic waste in investigated areas was landfilled. Farmers knew little about policy of garbage classification collection. About 73% of interviewed farmers collected waste in a mixed way. Although the method of ＂household collection,village concentration,town transportation and county（ city） treating＂was promoted nationwide,yet it cannot be applied in mountainous areas and remote countryside due to its own limitations. Therefore,it is of vital importance to develop decentralized and economic treatment technology and equipment.

关 键 词：农村 生活垃圾 处理现状 处理模式 分散处理 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X705[农业科学—农业工程]