雾霾多发地区绝缘子自然积污成分及其来源分析  

Component Analysis and Pollution Sources of Contamination on Insulators in Fog and Haze Areas

作　　者：胡扬宇[1] 李黎[2] 胡文[2] 卢明[1] 杜振霞[3] 

机构地区：[1]国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院,郑州450052 [2]华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院,武汉430074 [3]北京化工大学,北京100029

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2016年第2期29-34,共6页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(编号:521700140004);河南省电力公司科技专项(编号:C317021350JC)

摘　　要：在河南省境内的特高压交、直流输电线路采集绝缘子表面的自然污秽物并测定了污秽物中可溶性物质的化学成分,分析了试验绝缘子表面自然积污可溶性物质金属阳离子的富集程度。研究发现,河南省地区特高压交、直流输电线路绝缘子自然积污的可溶性物质中均含有金属阳离子Ca^(2+)、K^+、Mg^(2+)、Na^+、Zn^(2+),均含有阴离子SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-、Cl^-、F^-;雾霾天气可能是造成绝缘子表面SO_4^(2-)和NO_3^-浓度较大的一个原因,但雾霾天气与绝缘子污秽物可溶性物质中金属阳离子的沉积没有直接关联;在试验所在地区,绝缘子自然积污可溶性物质中富集的金属阳离子主要来源于人为污染源,其中,Zn^(2+)和Ca^(2+)与取样杆塔周围工业污染源的排放物关系密切。In order to investigate the soluble components and its pollution sources of contamination on AC and DC overhead-line insulators in Henan Province, the natural contamination test are carried out. The chemical constituents of the soluble components are investigated. By enrichment factor analysis, the enrichment of soluble metal cations of contamination on insulators is studied. It is found that in the soluble components of contamination on AC and DC overhead-line insulators in Henan Ca2~, K＋, Mg2＋, Na~. Zn2~ are the main metal cations, and SO^-, NO;, CI-, F- are the main anion. Fog and haze weather may be one cause of the deposition of SO]- and NO;, while it is indirectly associated with the deposition of metal cations in the insulator contamination soluble components. The main metal cations of the soluble components of contamination on test insulators mainly come from man-made pollution. Zn2＋ and Ca2~ in the insulator contamination soluble components are closely related to the industrial pollution sources nearby the test towers.

关 键 词：自然积污 可溶性物质 交流线路 直流线路 雾霾天气 富集因子分析 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]