中国10~15岁少儿抑郁情况及影响因素分析  

Prevalence and influence factors of depression among 10-15 years old children in China

作　　者：罗一民[1] 陈巧玲[2] 关鹏[3] 严洁[4] 孙菲[2] 韩璐[5] 景汇泉[2,4] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳医学院社科部,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]沈阳医学院公共卫生学院 [3]中国医科大学公共卫生学院 [4]北京大学中国社会科学调查中心 [5]沈阳医学院基础医学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2016年第4期424-427,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目(L2014410);辽宁省高层次人才资助项目(2014921002)

摘　　要：目的了解中国10~15岁少儿抑郁情况,为完善儿童保健政策提供基础资料。方法采用多阶段分层抽样的方法抽取全国少儿样本2 257人,采用流行病调查中心抑郁自评量表（CES-D）进行调查。结果少儿抑郁平均得分为27.17分;单因素分析显示,年龄、母亲学历、过去一个月父母间争吵、过去一个月因病旷课及学校寄宿等因素对少儿抑郁得分有影响,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;二分类logistic回归分析结果显示,母亲学历较低（OR=11.761,95%CI=2.052~67.418）、不与父亲同住（OR=1.224,95%CI=1.020~1.468）、父母吵架（OR=1.017,95%CI=1.004~1.030）是少儿抑郁的危险因素（P〈0.05）,过去一个月没有因身体不适而旷课（OR=0.517,95%CI=0.337~0.793）是少儿抑郁的保护性因素（P〈0.05）。结论应对母亲学历较低、不与父亲同住、父母吵架及具有身体健康问题的少儿给予更多关注。Objective To examine the prevalence of depression among children aged 10- 15 years in China and to provide evidences for improving child health care strategies. Methods From the dataset of Chinese Family Panel Study in 2010,we selected 2 257 children of 10- 15 years old with multi-stage stratified sampling and surveyed them using Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale（ CES-D）. Results The average score of depression symptoms was27. 17 among the children. The results of univariate analysis indicated that age,maternal education,quarrelling with parent during previous one month,absence from school due to illness,and getting accommodation in school were influencing factors of depression among the children（ all P〈0. 05）. The results of mutivariate analysis showed that lowmaternal education（ odds ratio[OR]= 11. 761,95% confidence interval[95% CI]： 2. 052- 67. 418）,not living with father（ OR =1. 224,95% CI： 1. 020- 1. 468）,and quarrelling between parents（ OR = 1. 017,95% CI： 1. 004- 1. 030） were risk factors（ all P〈0. 05） and no absence from school due to illness in the previous one month（ OR = 0. 517,95% CI： 0. 337-0. 793） was a protective factor of depression in the children（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion We should pay more attentions to the children with mothers having loweducation,not living with their fathers,having parents of quarrelling with each other,and with physical conditions.

关 键 词：少儿 抑郁 多阶段分层抽样 影响因素 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]