氧化镧/聚丙烯防X射线复合纤维的制备及性能表征  

Preparation and Properties of Lanthanum Oxide/Polypropylene Composite Fibers for X-Ray Shielding

作　　者：孙宽[1] 谷春燕[1] 刘玉姣[1] 贾清秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京服装学院材料科学与工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2016年第4期148-152,158,共6页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51273005);北京市教委市属高校创新能力提升计划项目(TJSHG201510012014);北京市教委科技发展计划重点项目暨北京自然科学基金资助重点项目(KZ201110012016);北京市教委青年拔尖人才项目(CIT&TCD201404023)

摘　　要：先采用熔融纺丝方法制备了不同氧化镧含量的氧化镧/聚丙烯复合纤维,然后采用对二甲苯在相同处理时间（1 h）不同温度（105~109℃）下溶解复合纤维中的部分聚丙烯基体以提高纤维中氧化镧含量,并对处理过后的纤维进行扫描电镜、X射线屏蔽性能等测试。此外,采用硅烷偶联剂改性氧化镧,通过熔融纺丝法制备了表面活性氧化镧/聚丙烯复合纤维,并对其作了差示扫描量热分析、扫描电镜、力学测试等性能表征。实验结果表明,随未改性氧化镧添加量增加,纤维力学性能下降,玻璃化转变温度向低温方向移动,纤维热稳定提高;有机改性可改善氧化镧在聚丙烯中的分散,提高纤维的力学性能,纤维玻璃化转变温度较纯聚丙烯纤维升高;用对二甲苯在107℃处理1h所获取的复合纤维中氧化镧含量最高,X射线屏蔽性能最优。Lanthanum oxide modified by silane coupling agent and unmodified lanthanum oxide were respectively blended with PP to prepare lanthanum oxide / PP composite fibers by melt spinning. Para-xylene was used to dissolve PP in fibers to increase the contents of lanthanum oxide in fibers. A series of methods were used to research properties of fibers,such as DSC,SEM,X-ray shielding test,etc. The experimental results show that,with the contents of unmodified lanthanum oxide increasing,the mechanical performance of fibers decreases,and the glass transition temperature of fibers turns to the direction of low temperature. It is found that modification of lanthanum oxide improves the dispersion of lanthanum oxide in polypropylene,and the glass transition temperature of fibers rises after lanthanum oxide is modified.Moreover,the contents of lanthanum oxide in fibers reach the top when fibers is dissolved in para-xylene at 107 ℃ for about 1 h,and the X-ray shielding property of fibers dissolved in para-xylene at 107 ℃ is more outstanding than fibers dissolved at other temperatures.

关 键 词：纤维 氧化镧 聚丙烯 对二甲苯 硅烷偶联剂 X射线屏蔽性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.62[化学工程—化纤工业]