综合治理出生性别比偏高的深层思考  

In-Depth Reflection on the Comprehensive Control of High Sex Ratio at Birth in China

作　　者：王胜今[1] 石雅茗[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚研究中心,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《人口学刊》2016年第3期39-46,共8页Population Journal

摘　　要：自20世纪80年代以来,我国出生性别比长期持续偏高,虽然2008年以来连续6年下降,但偏高形势依然严峻,面临出生性别比偏高的空间范围扩大、男女差数累积数量大、整治"两非"难度加大等问题。国家予以高度重视,指导各地开展综合治理活动,实施党政一把手负总责工程、先进性别文化建设工程、女性优先优惠升温工程、医疗卫生市场净化工程、考核评估体系构建工程、孕产期全程服务工程,对综合治理出生性别比偏高起到了积极的促进作用,但综合治理工作尚处于由活动层面向制度层面过渡阶段、统计数据难以准确研究判断客观形势。实践表明,综合治理出生性别比偏高问题需要构建标本兼治、体系完备的体制机制,确立依法治理、标本兼治、科学治理、预后治理的基本原则,通过组织领导落实、考核评估落实、家庭服务落实把综合治理出生性别比偏高各项工作落到实处。Since 1980 s,the SRB has been long-lasting high in China,despite a 6-year continual drop from2008. Moreover,high SRB is deteriorating with the broadening in geographic distribution,expansion in thecumulative difference between both sexes and the increasing difficulties in the combat against＂illegal fetalsex identification and sex-selective abortion＂. Given these challenging facts,the Central Government hasbeen guiding all provinces to carry out comprehensive control and implement programs led by party and gov-ernment leaders,such as advanced gender culture construction program,lady priority and preferential pro-gram,medical and health market purification program,appraisal assessment system construction pro-gram,and full-course maternal service program,which have well contributed to the comprehensive controlof high SRB. Still,these practices are faced with such problems as comprehensive control initiatives remain-ing in the transition stage from action level to institutional level and statistical data being inadequate to as-sess the objective situations. Experience shows that the comprehensive control of high SRB requires the de-velopment of a sophisticated institutional mechanism seeking both temporary and permanent solutions andthe cardinal rules of ruling by law,resolving the current problems and eliminating the root causes,and car-rying out scientific and prognostic control. By putting into implementation the organizational leadership,ap-praisal assessment and family services,we would be able to put high SRB under control.

关 键 词：综合治理 出生性别比 整治“两非” 体制机制 

分 类 号：C924.24[社会学—人口学]