70后和80后幼儿父母日常习惯教养方式特点的研究  

Study on the characteristics of daily parenting habits of parents born in 1970s and 1980s

作　　者：富旺[1] 王海霞[2] 董宏伟[1] 张振峰[3] 王丽敏[1] 贾秋芳 温泽伟 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院健康教育学教研室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]通辽市实验中学,内蒙古通辽028000 [3]哈尔滨市疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150056 [4]长春市妇幼保健所,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2016年第8期1708-1710,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：中国家庭教育学会家庭教育研究课题(Y20121201)

摘　　要：目的研究70后和80后父母对幼儿日常习惯教养方式的特点,为科学育儿提供理论依据。方法采用自编统一问卷对哈尔滨市379名幼儿父母进行日常习惯教养方式的调查。运用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析。结果被调查父亲中,80后父亲比例(19.3%)明显低于70后(31.7%)(P<0.05);70后父亲本科及以上学历(64.2%)明显高于80后(52.9%)(P<0.05);70后和80后父母自己带养幼儿分别占74.2%和54.4%(P<0.05);56.7%的母亲每天陪伴孩子玩耍1 h以上,但父亲仅占30.3%;95.5%的幼儿饮食习惯与父母相同,86.5%的父母对幼儿穿着以经济实用为主;90.2%的父母允许幼儿与邻里家庭互动交往,但经常进行户外运动(3次/周)仅占29.8%。结论母亲是家庭教育的主角,父亲教养缺位严重;父母对幼儿日常习惯和社会交往教养比较重视,户外运动需加强。Objective To study the characteristics of daily habits of parents born in 1970 s and 1980 s in rearing kids,provide a scientific basis for kid rearing. Methods Daily habits of 379 parents born in 1970 s and 1980 s in rearing kids in Harbin were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire. SPSS 18. 0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results Among the investigated fathers,the composition ratio of 1980s＇ fathers was 19. 3%,which was significantly lower than that of 1970s＇ fathers（ 31. 7%）（ P0. 05）; the composition ratio of1970s＇ fathers＇ educational level at undergraduate level or above was 64. 2%,which was significantly higher than that of 1980s＇ fathers＇ educational level（ 52. 9%）（ P0. 05）; the composition ratios of 1970s＇ parents and 1980s＇ parents who brought up their children by themselves were 74. 2% and 54. 4%,respectively（ P0. 05）; 56. 7% of the investigated mothers accompanied their children to play more than 1 hour a day,but the fathers only accounted for 30. 3%; more than 95. 5% of the children＇s eating habits were the same as their parents,and more than 86. 5% of the parents wearing in economic utility way; 90. 2% of the parents allowed their children in communication with the neighborhood,but frequent outdoor exercise（ 3 times / week） was only accounted for 29. 8%. Conclusion Mothers are the main characters in family education,while lack of fathers＇ education is serious; the parents should pay more attention to children＇s daily habits and social communication politeness,and outdoor exercise of children should be strengthened.

关 键 词：幼儿 70后 80后 日常习惯 父母教养方式 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]