合肥市城区5702名0～6岁儿童血铅水平调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of blood lead levels of 5702 urban children aged 0-6 years old in Hefei city

作　　者：殷刚柱 汪小燕[1] 王燕[1] 邵子瑜[1] 郭锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥市妇幼保健所,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2016年第8期1715-1717,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：世界卫生组织儿童卫生合作中心"中国部分城市铅中毒防治项目"

摘　　要：目的了解2007-2010年合肥市0～6岁儿童血铅水平、分布特征及变化情况,为临床防治儿童铅中毒提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法抽取门诊0～2岁儿童1 190名,幼儿园3～6岁儿童4 512名,总计抽取0～6岁儿童5 702名;采用原子吸收光谱法测定血铅水平。结果合肥市5 702名儿童血铅平均水平为（48.10±26.011）μg/L,高血铅检出率平均为2.37%;0～4岁组儿童高血铅检出率为2.00%,5～6岁组高血铅检出率为3.30%,两组间检出率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=11.779,P〈0.05）;男童高血铅检出率为3.00%,女童高血铅检出率为1.30%,男女性别差异有统计学意义（χ^2=16.626,P〈0.05）。结论合肥市儿童的血铅水平低于我国中西部和北方部分城市,高于南方发达城市,应加强对环境干预和对儿童、家长的铅中毒防控的健康教育,定期开展对0～6岁儿童血铅水平监测。Objective To understand blood lead levels,distribution characteristics,and changes among 0- 6- year- old children in Hefei from 2007 to 2010,provide a scientific basis for clinical prevention and treatment of lead poisoning in children. Methods Random cluster sampling method was used to select 1 190 children aged 0-6 years old from outpatient department and 4 512 children aged 3-6 years old from kindergartens,5 702 children aged 0-6 years old were included into the study totally; blood lead levels were detected by atomic absorption spectrographic method. Results The average level of blood lead was（ 48. 10±26. 011） μg / L,the detection rate of high blood lead was 2. 37%; the detection rates of high blood lead in 0-4-year-old group and 5-6-year-old group were 2. 00% and 3. 30%,respectively,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups（ χ~2= 11. 779,P0. 05）; the detection rates of high blood lead in boys and girls were 3. 00% and 1. 30%,respectively,there was statistically significant difference between boys and girls（ χ~2= 16. 626,P 0. 05）. Conclusion The blood lead levels of children in Hefei city were lower than those in cities of midwest and northern regions and higher than those in developed cities of south regions. Environmental intervention and health education about prevention and control of lead poisoning among children and parents should be strengthened,blood lead level monitoring should be carried out regularly among the children aged 0-6 years old.

关 键 词：儿童 铅 血液化学分析 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]