国内外输油管道超压保护系统设置标准比对  

Domestic and overseas standards for deployment of overpressure protection system in oil pipelines

作　　者：林宝辉[1] 信鹏[1] 王小强 孙向东 袁琳[1] 潘盼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气管道工程有限公司 [2]中国石油西南管道公司 [3]中油管道局投产运行公司

出　　处：《油气储运》2016年第4期396-400,共5页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

摘　　要：超压保护对于管道的安全运行至关重要。泄压阀、仪表保护系统是输油管道常用的超压保护方式,目前国内外关于仪表保护系统是否可替代泄压阀一直处于争论中。基于此,从输油管道超压界限、超压保护方式、泄压系统的设置、泄压系统与仪表保护系统的关系等方面研究了国内外相关的标准和规范,同时对国内外管道进行调研,分析了超压保护技术要求的差异。研究结果表明:各国标准均提出要设置超压保护系统,但在具体描述中又存在较大差异;各标准对于泄压保护和仪表保护是单独使用还是联合使用并没有明确说明;选择仪表保护系统和泄压系统应考虑与管道系统整体安全有关的因素,从多层次、多角度考虑整体的安全风险是否能降到可接受的范围;仪表保护系统和泄压系统的联合使用会大大降低系统整体的故障率。Overpressure protection is very important to ensure safe operation of pipelines. Relief valves and instrumentation protection systems are commonly used for overpressure protection of oil pipelines. There are always controversies on the feasibility of replacing relief valve by instrument protection system both at home and abroad. Based on this, research is made on domestic and overseas standards from aspects of overpressure limits, overpressure protection methods, confi gurations of relief systems, and the relation between relief system and instrument protection system. At the same time, differences of overpressure protection requirements are analyzed by investigating the pipelines home and abroad. Research results show that all standards call for deployment of overpressure protection systems, but they are distinct in specifi c descriptions. There are no explicit remarks for independent or combined application of pressure relief protection and instrument protection in these standards. Selection of instrument protection systems and relief systems should take factors related to overall safety of pipeline system into account, so as to reduce risks to an acceptable level from different levels and aspects. Generally, combined application of instrument protection systems and relief system can effectively minimize overall failure rates of the system.

关 键 词：输油管道 超压保护 泄压系统 仪表保护系统 标准 

分 类 号：TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]