江苏横山水库浮游植物群落结构的动态变化  

Phytoplankton Community Structure and Dynamics in Hengshan Reservoir,Jiangsu Province

作　　者：张正德 吴世萍[2] 许亚群 宋海亮[3] 杨小丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]宜兴水务集团有限公司,江苏宜兴214200 [2]东南大学土木工程学院,江苏南京210096 [3]东南大学能源与环境学院,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2016年第1期53-61,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：水污染控制与治理重大专项(2012ZX07403-001);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20141117)

摘　　要：研究横山水库浮游植物群落的动态变化特征和综合分析水质,为库区的水资源保护和开发利用提供参考依据。2014年7月至2015年6月,设置5个采样点,每月上旬上午9时左右、天气状况良好时采水样1次。共采集鉴定浮游植物7门63属147种（包含变种及变型）,绿藻门28属63种、硅藻门16属46种、蓝藻门10属23种、甲藻门3属6种、裸藻门3属3种、隐藻门2属3种、金藻门1属3种,浮游植物的种类组成为绿藻-硅藻-蓝藻型。浮游植物密度2.3×10^6～8.0×10^6个/L、平均4.2×10^6个/L,硅藻门、绿藻门和蓝藻门密度占比分别为57.3%、29.8%和8.4%。浮游植物的多样性指数H＇变化范围为1.52～3.67,平均2.48;均匀度指数J 0.53～0.86、平均0.71;丰富度指数d 0.83～3.32、平均2.05。浮游植物主要优势种为绿藻门的美丽鼓藻（Cosmariumformosulum）,硅藻门的变异直链藻（Melosiravarians）、颗粒直链藻（Melosira granulate）、尖针杆藻（Synedraacus）和肘状针杆藻（Synedra ulna）等。相关性分析表明,游植物密度与总磷、水温、透明度呈正相关关系,与溶解氧呈负相关关系,与总氮没有相关关系。硝酸盐和溶解氧对浮游植物密度有显著影响,亚硝酸盐氮、氨氮、CODMn、浊度、p H、UV254的水平变化和浮游植物密度没有相关性。根据浮游植物多样性分析以及富营养化指数值TLI（∑）评价,横山水库水质属于轻度富营养状态。Hengshan Reservoir,located in the southwest of Yiying City,Jiangsu Province,serves the functions of flood control,irrigation and water supply,with an area of 154. 8 km2 and water storage capacity of 1. 12 × 108m3.It is an important water source for Yixing City and carries the responsibility of drinking water safety. The phytoplankton community,closely linked to nutrient levels and the hydrologic regime,is an important indicator of the water quality and trophic status of lakes and reservoirs. It is thus important to investigate the phytoplankton community and dynamics to understand the aquatic ecology of a reservoir and provide basic data for source water protection. A survey was carried out from July 2014 to June 2015 in Hengshan Reservoir to characterize the phytoplankton community structure and its variation with environmental factors. Phytoplankton samples were collected monthly at five sampling sites from July 2014 to June 2015 and water quality parameters were determined,including water temperature,transparency,CODMn,NH3-N,NO2-N,NO3-N,TP,TN,p H,DO and turbidity. A total of 147 species from 63 genera and 7 phyla were identified. Chlorophyta was the most abundant group（ 63 species,8 genera）,followed by Bacillariophyta（ 46 species,16 genera）,Cyanophyta（ 23 species,10 genera）,Pyrrophyta（ 6 species,3 genera）,Euglenophyta（ 3 species,3 genera）,Cryptophyta（ 3 species,2 genera） and Chrysophyta（ 3 species,1 genera）. Phytoplankton density ranged from 2. 3 × 10^6 cells / L to 8. 0 × 10^6 cells / L and averaged 4. 2 × 10^6 cells / L.Bacillariophyta accounted for 57. 3% of the phytoplankton density,Chlorophyta for 29. 8% and Cyanophyta for8. 4%. The ranges of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Pielou evenness index and Margalef richness index were,respectively,1. 52- 3. 67,0. 53- 0. 86 and 0. 83- 3. 32,and averaged 2. 48,0. 71 and 2. 05. During the investigation,the dominant species were Cosmariumformosulum（ Chlorophyta） and Melosiravarians,Melosira granulate,Synedraacus and Synedra uln

关 键 词：浮游植物 横山水库 群落结构 水质评价 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P332.3[天文地球—水文科学]