暴雨条件下不同林型对坡面径流过程的影响  

Effects of different vegetation types on slope runoff process under rainstorm condition

作　　者：吕锡芝[1] 康玲玲[1] 左仲国[1] 孙娟[1] 倪用鑫 吕文星[2] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院/水利部黄土高原水土流失过程与控制重点实验室,河南郑州450003 [2]黄河水文水资源科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2016年第1期79-83,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HKF-2014-03;HFY-JBYW-2016-04);水利部黄土高原水土流失过程与控制重点实验室开放基金(2015004)

摘　　要：为研究暴雨条件下不同林型对坡面径流及径流过程的影响,采用野外定位观测与室内试验相结合的方法,分析了北京山区典型小流域不同植被下坡面上的径流及其过程特征。结果表明,不同林型对地表径流、壤中流的影响存在差异。各径流小区产流时间和滞后时间有明显差异,其中灌木林产流时间明显早于乔木林,其滞后时间也明显小于其他3个乔木林径流小区。4种林型下的地表径流产流过程与降雨过程有明显的相似性,说明产流过程主要受降雨这个起源动力的影响,而不同林型则主要影响其发生、结束时间和产流量,而对整个产流过程曲线的影响不大。相对于降雨和地表径流,各径流小区的壤中流产流过程曲线表现均相对平缓,且产流开始时间和过程曲线明显滞后于降雨和地表径流的过程曲线,这主要因为土壤的缓冲作用所致。In order to study the effects of different vegetation types on slope runoff and its process under rainstorm condition,we used the combination methods of field observation and laboratory test,analyzed the slope runoff characteristics under different vegetation types of typical small watershed in Beijing mountain area. The results showed that the effects of different vegetation types on surface runoff and subsurface flow were different. There were significant differences in runoff time of different runoff plots,the runoff times of shrub was significantly earlier than trees. Surface runoff processes of four vegetation types were obviously similar,which indicated that the process was mainly affected by rainfall. However,different vegetation types mainly affected its occurrence time,end time and runoff,but had small influence on the entire runoff process curve. Subsurface runoff curves of different runoff plots were relatively gentle compared with rainfall and surface runoff. And the runoff initiation time and process curve of subsurface runoff significantly lagged behind rainfall and runoff process curve,which were mainly due to the soil buffer effects.

关 键 词：植被 坡面径流 地表径流 壤中流 径流过程 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]