航天器综合电子系统在轨重构容错技术研究  

Research of On-orbit Reconfigurable Fault-tolerant Technology for Spacecraft Avionics System

作　　者：吴海超[1] 栾家辉[1] 张亮[1] 许皓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国航天标准化研究所,北京100071

出　　处：《航天器工程》2016年第2期120-126,共7页Spacecraft Engineering

摘　　要：重构容错技术是指利用可重用的软硬件资源,根据不同的任务需求或故障情况进行重新配置,从而可以实现在轨升级或故障修复。文章在介绍重构容错技术的基础上,以NASA的SpaceCube处理器和BittWare公司的重构处理器为典型案例,阐述了其系统构架、重构容错设计和应用情况,总结分析了航天器综合电子系统重构容错技术的优势,如减少系统的冗余和备份,降低制造和修复成本,实现系统内部局部故障的自修复等。借鉴国外重构容错技术的发展和应用,总结出国内航天器综合电子系统重构容错技术应用存在的问题,如缺乏标准化的功能模块设计、在轨故障诊断精度较低等,并提出应开展在轨重构需求分析,以及功能模块化和可重构性的方案设计等建议,可为国内航天器综合电子系统的在轨重构容错设计及相关研究工作提供参考。The reconfigurable fault-tolerance technology is the use of reusable hardware and software resources to reconfigure the system according to different mission requirements or failures,so as to upgrade or repair fault on orbit.The reconfigurable fault-tolerance technology is introduced in the paper.Taking massive information processor SpaceCube developed by NASA and reconfigurable processor developed by BittWare company for example,their system architecture,reconfigurable fault-tolerant design and applications are expatiated.The advantages of reconfigurable fault-tolerant technology for spacecraft avionics system are summarized and analyzed,such as reducing the redundancy and backups,reducing manufacturing and repair costs,and realizing the local failure repair by oneself.From the development process and application of reconfigurable design technology,the problems in the reconfigurable design of the Chinese spacecraft avionics system are pointed out,such as lack of standardized function modules and low accuracy of fault diagnosis.Some suggestions are proposed,including the on-orbit reconfigurable requirement analysis,and the scheme of block-based design and reconfigurable fault-tolerant design.The paper can provide a reference for spacecraft avionics system’s on-orbit reconfigurable design and related research work.

关 键 词：航天器综合电子系统 在轨故障 重构容错技术 故障探测 故障修复 

分 类 号：V443[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]