表面活性剂对PVDF-SiO_2超滤膜的性能与结构的影响  

Effect of Surfactants on the Properties and Structure of PVDF-SiO_2 Ultrafiltration Membranes

作　　者：吴清涛[1] 姜洪涛[1] 王北福[2] 聂立宏[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学化学工程学院,杭州310014 [2]浙江海洋学院石化与能源工程学院,舟山316000

出　　处：《高分子通报》2016年第3期62-68,共7页Polymer Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAB09B00)

摘　　要：在PVDF-SiO_2共混膜中添加不同种类的表面活性剂以及两种复配的表面活性剂,通过相转化法制备了一系列的改性膜。实验通过测定未改性膜及改性膜的纯水通量、牛血清白蛋白的截留率、接触角大小、拉伸强度来表征表面活性剂对膜性能的影响,同时通过测试改性膜的通量恢复率来表征膜的抗污染能力。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)及热分析(DSC)对膜的微观形貌和晶体结构进行了表征。结果表明,添加单一表面活性剂及复配表面活性剂均可使膜的渗透性能提高,能够改善膜的机械性能、亲水性,对膜的结晶度没有明显的影响,微观结构观察得到改性膜呈现出优化的表面及断面结构,微孔数目变多,孔间的连通性趋好,纳米颗粒在表面分散的更加均匀,改性膜的抗污染性能得到改善。A series of modified membranes were prepared by the method of phase inversion, the single surfactant and compound surfactants （the ratio was 1：1） were added into the PVDF-SiO2 blend membranes, respectively. Water flux, retention rate of bovine serum albumin, contact angle and the tensile strength of the unmodified membranes and modified membranes were determined so that the effect of the surfactants on the membranes performance could be characterized, and the fouling ability were characterized through testing flux recovery rate. The microstructure and crystal structure of membranes were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（ATR FTIR）, X ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope（SEM） and thermal analysis （DSC）. The results show that the single surfactant and the compound surfactants added into the membrane materials could improve the permeability of membranes compared with the unmodified membranes. It is possible to improve the mechanical and hydrophilic properties of membranes. However, there was no significant effect on the crystal structure of the membranes. The microstructure obtained from the modified membranes was observed to exhibit optimized surface and cross section structure and more pore number. The connectivity between the holes was getting better and nanoparticles dispersed on the surface were more uniform. Besides, the antipollution property was improved.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 纳米颗粒 改性膜 亲水性 微观结构 

分 类 号：TQ051.893[化学工程]