杉木林采伐迹地再造林后土壤调蓄水分功能恢复研究  

Research on Restoration of Soil Moisture Regulation Function in the Harvested Chinese Fir Plantation after Reforestation

作　　者：杨贤均[1] 邓云叶[1] 段林东[1] 

机构地区：[1]邵阳学院城市建设系,湖南邵阳422004

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2016年第2期261-267,共7页Forest Research

基　　金：湖南省教育厅项目(2011C1124);湖南省科技厅项目(2012SK3163)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨杉木人工林采伐前、后及其采伐迹地造林后林地土壤调蓄水分功能的变化,揭示采伐地造林后,幼林对土壤蓄水功能的调节恢复作用。[方法]采用定位连续观测方法,在24年生杉木人工林伐前、伐后以及造林后1年、3年、5年、8年的样地内采集土壤样品,进行室內测试分析。[结果]表明:与伐前相比,杉木人工林采伐后1m深土壤层毛管孔隙度提高了1.70%,非毛管孔隙度下降了4.95%;伐后1 m深土壤层最大持水力、最小持水力和毛管持水力比伐前分别提高了4.02%、2.67%和5.31%,但土壤贮水力下降14.30%;0 20,20 40 cm土层的初渗速率分别下降19.81%和16.95%,稳渗速率分别下降12.97%和14.49%;造林后林分对土壤调蓄水分功能的调节作用,随着林龄增加而增大,8年生幼林0 20,20 40 cm土层对土壤水分的初渗调控能力恢复到采伐前的62.50%和58.83%,稳渗的调控恢复到采伐前的62.22%和48.79%;若以伐后与伐前土壤的最大持水力、最小持水力和毛管持水力的差值为100%,8年生幼林其与伐前的差异只有16.90%,17.84%和23.20%。土壤贮水力恢复到采伐前33.34%的水平。[结论]杉木人工林的采伐导致土壤调蓄水分功能减弱,采伐迹地再造林能逐步改善林地土壤调蓄水分功能,而且随着幼林林龄增加调节功能逐步增强。[Objective]In order to understand the changes of regulation function of soil moisture for the pre-harvest,post-harvest and reforestated Chinese fir（ Cunninghamia lanceolata） plantation. [Method]By continuous observation in fixed locations of 24-year-old Chinese fir plantation,the soil samples before harvest,1 year after harvest and1 year,3 years,5 years,and 8 years after reforestation were collected,and the function of soil water regulation and storage capacity were investigated by laboratory data analysis. [Result]The results showed that compared with preharvest period,the capillary porosity of soil 1 m in depth increased by 1. 70% at post-harvest period,and the noncapillary porosity decreased by 4. 95%; the water holding capacity,the minimum holding capacity and capillary power of the soil increased by 4. 02%,2. 67% and 5. 31% respectively,but the water storage capacity declined by14. 30%; the initial infiltration capacity of the soil 0 20 cm and 20 40 cm in depth decreased by 19. 81% and16. 95% respectively,the stable infiltration capacity also fell by 12. 97% and 14. 49% respectively; during the reforestation stage,the water regulation and storage function gradually improved along with the ages of the Chinese fir plantation,for example,the initial infiltration capacity of the soil with 0 20 cm and 20 40 cm in depth at Chi-nese fir plantation 8 years after reforestation recovered to 62. 50% and 58. 83% respectively,the stable infiltration capacity also recovered to 62. 22% and 48. 79% compared with pre-harvest stage; If the soil before cutting with the maximum water holding capacity after cutting,minimum water holding capacity and capillary water holding capacity of 100% of the difference. with the 8-year-old stand differences before cutting only 16. 90%,17. 84% and23. 20%; the soil water storage capacity returned to 33. 34% of pre-harvest level. [Conclusion]The regulating function of soil moisture was weakened by harvest; however,with the reforestation activities,all the capacity of soil moisture will gra

关 键 词：杉木人工林 土壤 蓄水功能 采伐迹地 再造林 功能恢复 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]