老年急性心肌梗死患者医院感染的病原菌分布与耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in nosocomial infection in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction

作　　者：包晓红[1] 邹建杰 李长龙[1] 王宇[1,2] 王俊[2] 李国春[3] 

机构地区：[1]攀枝花学院附属医院心内科,四川攀枝花617000 [2]攀枝花学院附属医院检验科,四川攀枝花617000 [3]泸州医学院附属中医院药房,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第8期1761-1763,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：四川省科技厅基金资助项目(LY-39)

摘　　要：目的探讨分析老年急性心肌梗死患者医院感染的病原菌分布及耐药性,为患者的临床治疗提供依据。方法回顾性分析医院心内科2012年3月-2015年3月收治的178例老年急性心肌梗死患者临床资料,分析其感染病原菌分布及其耐药性,数据采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 178例急性心肌梗死患者中发生医院感染29例,感染率为16.29%;共分离病原菌87株,主要来源于痰液和尿液,分别占39.08%、34.48%;87株病原菌中以革兰阴性菌为主,共51株占58.62%;大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌对哌拉西林的耐药率高,均>80.00%。结论老年急性心肌梗死患者医院感染的发生率高,且致病菌对抗菌药物的耐药性较高,需尽量减少根据经验选用抗菌药物,以减少耐药菌株的产生,降低医院感染的发生率。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in nosocomial infections in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction.METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data of178 patients with acute myocardial infarction in the cardiology department of our hospital in Mar.2012- Mar.2015 was conducted to analyze distribution of pathogens and their drug resistance.Data were statistically analyzed by software SPSS 17.0.RESULTS Among the 178 patients with acute myocardial infarction,29 cases had nosocomial infections,the nosocomial infection rate was 16.29%.A total of 87 strains of pathogens were isolated,mainly from sputum and urine,respectively accounting for 39.08%,34.48%.The 87 strains of detected pathogenic bacteria mainly included 51 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounting for 58.62%.The resistance of Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii to piperacillin was high as over 80.00%.CONCLUSIONThe incidence of nosocomial infection in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction is high,and the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antimicrobials is high.Therefore,in clinical work,in addition to active treatment of patients with primary diseases,strictly control on the use of preventive antibacterial drugs is needed and the empirical use of antibiotics should be restricted to reduce the generation of resistant strains and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：急性心肌梗死 医院感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]