引水渠道单井注水对不冻长度的影响  

The Influence of the Length of the Ice-free Water with Single Well

作　　者：赵梦蕾[1] 刘贞姬[1] 宗全利[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2016年第4期144-149,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51269028)

摘　　要：在我国严寒地区,抽水融冰是一种能有效改善引水式水电站引水渠冰封冰冻现象的方法。为了对引水渠道单井注水时对不冻长度的影响有深入的了解,结合新疆红山嘴水电站工程的实际应用,对单井注水的试验进行了室外水槽试验。试验是在单井注水的情况下,分别从不同的水力、热力和气候条件方面,进行了3组不同渠水流量和3组不同井水流量的试验。根据试验得到如下结果:若只改变水力条件,所变因素越小,冰花密度可由0%迅速增长到4.5%且流速变化幅度为0.084 3m/s则不冻长度距离短,反之,所变因素越大,冰花密度保持在0%一段距离后才增长至1.6%,流速的变化幅度为0.064 6m/s,则不冻长度距离长。若只改变热力条件或气候条件,所变因素越小,则不冻长度距离短,反之,所变因素越大,则不冻长度距离长。在此基础上,又分别得到了不同水力、热力和气候条件下的单井注水对不冻长度的影响,并建立了定量关系式。该试验结果可为抽水融冰运行机理提供科学依据并为实际工程提供借鉴意义。In several cold areas,pumping and ice-melting are an effective measure to protect the hydropower station in winter.In order to study the length of the ice-free water better,we combine the practical application of Hongshanzui Hydropower Project in Xinjiang,perform the outdoor sink simulation for the process of pumping and ice-melting.The results show that if only the hydraulic conditions are changed,the smaller the change agents,the more rapid growth of ice density is from 0%to 4.5%,and the flow rate variation amplitude is 0.0843m/s,the shorter distance of the length of the ice-free is,the greater the change factor.Ice density is maintained at a distance of 0%to 1.6% after the increase,the flow rate change width is 0.0646m/s,the longer distance of the length of the ice-free is.If only thermal conditions or weather conditions are changed,the smaller the change factor is.The shorter the length is,the larger the change factor is,the longer the ice-free is.On this basis,we get their relationship and establish a quantitative formula.Besides the experiment results can provide a scientific basis for pumping melting operation mechanism and that for practical engineering.

关 键 词：单井注水 不冻长度 变化规律 

分 类 号：TV76[水利工程—水利水电工程]