含环氧基水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及性能表征  

The preparation and properties of waterborne polyurethane containing epoxy group

作　　者：赵艳娜[1] 张云飞[1] 姬定西[1] 赵瑶[1] 杜颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《陕西科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第2期92-96,共5页Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21204046);陕西省科技厅科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2013SZS10-K02);陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(1218);陕西科技大学学术骨干培育计划项目(XSGP201211)

摘　　要：在H2SO4催化下,丙三醇与环氧氯丙烷进行开环加成,再通过NaOH脱除HCl闭环制得中间体丙三醇单缩水甘油醚扩链剂,然后再以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、聚酯二元醇（PCL1000）、三乙胺（TEA）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）和丙三醇单缩水甘油醚等为主要原料,采用自乳化法制备了含环氧基的水性聚氨酯.利用红外光谱（FT-IR）对扩链剂丙三醇单缩水甘油醚和涂膜进行了结构表征;利用热重（TGA）、透射电镜（TEM）和粒度分析（PSD）等对改性前后的聚氨酯进行了性能表征.TGA分析表明,环氧基引入后聚氨酯膜的热稳定性提高;TEM表明,乳胶粒子大小均一,为规则球形;PSD分析表明,环氧基的引入不会大幅增大乳液粒径,即使环氧中间体用量在6%,乳液粒径仅为50.41nm;对胶膜的耐水性和力学性能测定表明,当环氧中间体用量在2%～5%时,涂膜力学性能最佳,当中间体用量大于3%后,涂膜的耐水性由原来的12.0%降为5.08%.1-propanetriol glycidyl ether was prepared by glycerol and epichlorohydrin using H2SO4 as catalyst and NaOH to achieve ring-closure reaction.A kind of waterborne polyurethane containing epoxy group was successfully prepared by the reaction of：isophorone diisocyanate（IPDI）,poly-caprolactone diol（PCL1000）,triethylamine（TEA）,2,2-Bis（hydroxymethyl）propionic acid（DMPA）as the main raw materials,and 1-propanetriol glycidyl ether was used as chain expander.The structures of WPU films and 1-propanetriol glycidyl ether were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（FT-IR）.The FT-IR confirmed that the epoxy group had been introduced into propanetriol molecule.The properties of WPU were characterized by Particle Size Distribution（PSD）analysis,Transmission Electron Microscopy（TEM）and Thermogravimetric（TG）analysis.TG analysis suggested the EWPU latex film had a better thermal stability than pure WPU;TEM showed the EWPU particle was spherical;The PSD analysis indicated the particles of EWPU were 50.41 nm even if the 1-propanetriol glycidyl ether dosage was 6%;When the content of 1-propanetriol glycidyl ether was 2%～5%,the mechanical properties was the best,when the content of 1-propanetriol glycidyl ether increased from 0%to 3%,water absorption of the films decreased from 12.0%to 5.08%.

关 键 词：环氧基 水性聚氨酯 性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]