全球史观视角下两个体系的相遇和互动——论晚明时期西欧列强在中国对外关系中的地位  

The Meeting and Interaction of two Systems from the Persepctive of Global History: the Position of Western European Powers in China's Foreign Relations in Late Ming Dynasty

作　　者：张博宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院,北京100871

出　　处：《商业经济》2016年第3期99-101,163,共4页Business & Economy

摘　　要：晚明时期,西欧列强与中国发生了最初的接触。二者各自代表异构的体系,其交往的过程就是体系相互影响的过程。在经济上,西欧民族国家体系与明朝的天下体系产生互相吸纳的倾向,然而两个体系都没有真正瓦解对方;在政治和外交上,两个体系之间并未产生意义重大的互动。在文化、文明认知上,晚明时期西欧的到来促使中国融入了文化全球化的进程,协助了中国对外关系的发展,也让中国完善了自身的天下观念。秉承全球史观,通过经济贸易、政治外交、文化认知这三个领域的分析得出:西欧列强在晚明时期中国的对外关系中处于并行者、有限的参与者的地位,没有从根本上撼动中国的传统天下体系。The initial contact between Western European powers and China occurred in the late Ming dynasty. As each of the two represents a heterogeneous system, the process of their interaction is actually a mutual influence of two systems. Economically, the county system of Western European nations and the world system of Ming dynasty tended to absorb each other, but the two systems were not really collapsed. In the political and diplomatic cases, there was no significant interaction between the two systems. With regards to culture and civilization cognition, the arrival Western Europe during the late Ming dynasty led China into the process of cultural globalization, assisted the development of China＇s foreign relations, and also had China improve its own concept of the world. From the perspective of global history, analysis is conducted in three aspects, economic trade, political diploma and cultural cognition. It concludes that in the late Ming period, Western European powers acted as a side- by- side walker and limited participant in China＇s foreign relations, that they did not fundamentally shake the traditional world system of China.

关 键 词：全球史观视角 晚明时期 西欧民族国家体系 明朝天下体系 对外关系 

分 类 号：D034[政治法律—政治学]