我国农民工市民化成本的地域差异  

The Cost of Citizenization from Migrant Workers in China

作　　者：李小敏[1] 涂建军[1,2] 付正义[1] 贾林瑞 哈琳 

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,中国重庆400715 [2]三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,中国重庆400715 [3]北京师范大学资源学院,中国北京100875

出　　处：《经济地理》2016年第4期133-140,共8页Economic Geography

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划资助课题(2012BAJ23B05)

摘　　要：从个人成本、公共成本、企业成本三方面建立农民工市民化成本衡量体系,采用成本测算模型对2013年我国31个省（市、区）农民工市民化成本进行测算。结果表明：个人成本和公共成本是市民化成本的主体,企业成本仅占3.7%。其中生存成本和基础设施成本分别占到总成本的48.3%、43%,成为制约农民工市民化的主要成本障碍;各省（市、区）农民工市民化总成本是其人均GDP的1.5-7倍,且二者近似呈正相关（西藏除外）,这表明经济越发达的地区其市民化总成本越高;整体而言全国平均个人成本与公共成本大致相当,但东部省市个人成本高于其公共成本（山东、河北除外）,其余省市公共成本则大于其个人成本（重庆、四川、云南除外）;东部地区平均个人成本是全国平均水平的1.4倍,而西部地区的公共成本是全国平均水平的1.3倍,说明我国农民工市民化成本存在明显的地域类型差异。The orderly citizenization from migrant worker is one of the major tasks in implementing the new urbanization strategy, and precisely calculating the costs of citizenization from migrant workers becomes an important foundation for this transformation mechanism. The costs are made up of three elements which are personal cost, public cost and business cost, and they are calculated by the cost estimate model with 31 provinces in China, 2013. The results show that： Personal cost and public cost are the main components of the costs while business cost only accounts for 3.7%. From the item costs, living cost and infrastructure cost respectively occupies 48.3%、48.3% of the total cost, and they become the main obstacles of the costs. The costs are 1.5 to 7 times over the per capita GDP of the provinces, and they have a positive correlation approximately excluding Tibet, indicating that the more developed regions, the higher the cost. On the whole,the average personal cost is roughly equal to the average public cost in our country, but personal cost in the eastern provinces is higher than public cost without Shandong and Hebei while the rest of the provinces are opposite except Chongqing, Sichuan and Yunnan. The average personal cost in the east is 1.4 times over that in the nation while average public cost in the western region is 1.3 times that of the nation, showing that there are obvious differences in the regional types of the costs of citizenization from migrant workers.

关 键 词：新型城镇化 农民工 市民化 成本 中国 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F299.2