功能助剂对2,4-二硝基苯甲醚基熔铸炸药性能的影响  

Effect of Functional Agents on the Performance of 2,4-dinitroanisole-based Melt-cast Explosives

作　　者：蒙君煚[1] 姜振明 张向荣[1] 周霖[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]甘肃银光化学工业集团有限公司,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《兵工学报》2016年第3期424-430,共7页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国防"086"专项项目(00401030181)

摘　　要：为了获得适用于2,4-二硝基苯甲醚(DNAN)基熔铸炸药的功能助剂体系,改善其装药性能,通过黏附功确定功能助剂为吐温60和醋酸丁酸纤维素(CAB);采用巴西实验、静态剪切实验、撞击感度爆炸概率法实验、摩擦感度爆炸概率法实验、小隔板实验和液体静力称量法,研究了功能助剂对DNAN 20/奥克托今80(HMX 80)熔铸炸药的拉伸强度、剪切强度、撞击感度、摩擦感度、冲击波感度和装药密度的影响规律。实验结果表明:功能助剂使得DNAN 20/HMX 80熔铸炸药在-40℃、20℃、60℃下的拉伸强度分别增大6.25%、10.3%、47.8%,剪切强度分别增大23.5%、27.8%、45.1%;摩擦感度、撞击感度和冲击波感度分别降低14.29%、4.76%、3.11%;相对密度提高0.2%.因此,功能助剂吐温60和CAB可以用于改善DNAN基熔铸炸药的力学性能和安全性能。In order to obtain the system of functional agents for 2,4-dinitroanisole（ DNAN）-based meltcast explosives and improve the performance of its charge,Tween 60 and cellulose acetate butyrate（ CAB） are chosen as the preferred agents according to the calculated works of adhesion. The influences of functional agents on tensile strength,shear strength,impact sensitivity,friction sensitivity,shock sensitivity and charge density of DNAN 20 / HMX 80 melt-cast explosive are analyzed by using Brazil test,static shear test,determination of friction sensitivity-explosion probability method,determination of impact sensitivity-explosion probability method,small scale gap test and hydrostatic weighing method. The results show that,when 1wt% Tween 60 and 1wt% CAB are added in DNAN 20 / HMX 80 melt-cast explosive,its tensile strength is increased by 6. 25%,10. 3% and 47. 8% at- 40 ℃,20 ℃ and 60 ℃,respectively; its shear strength are increased by 23. 5%,27. 8% and 45. 1% at- 40 ℃,20 ℃ and60 ℃,respectively; its friction sensitivity,impact sensitivity and shock sensitivity are decreased by14. 29%,4. 76% and 3. 11%,respectively; and its relative density is increased by 0. 2%. Therefore,Tween 60 and CAB can be used to improve the mechanical properties and safety performance of DNANbased melt-cast explosives.

关 键 词：兵器科学与技术 2 4-二硝基苯甲醚 功能助剂 黏附功 性能测试 

分 类 号：TG55[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]