针对特定区域的雷达卫星低倾角轨道及组网研究  

Study on Low Incline Orbit and Constellation of Radar Satellite for Location Coverage

作　　者：陆晴[1] 万向成[1] 孙永岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海卫星工程研究所,上海200240

出　　处：《上海航天》2016年第2期15-19,共5页Aerospace Shanghai

摘　　要：为提高对中低纬度带特定区域的时间分辨率,对雷达卫星可选择低倾角地面轨迹重复轨道进行了研究。定义了地面轨迹重复轨道,考虑因地球带谐项摄动地方时存在周期性变化,结合轨道和载荷特点,提出了针对特定区域多星组网、轨道面均分、合理设置纬度幅度使地面轨迹一致,实现互补最大重访时间盲区的组网设计方法。给出了以福州为目标区域的雷达卫星轨道及组网设计,分析了其覆盖能力和重访特性。仿真表明：采用低倾角地面轨迹重复轨道具备对特定区域每天连续4~5轨的覆盖能力,通过3颗卫星组网,最大重访时间即可缩短至2h内,可较好地适于雷达卫星对特定区域成像侦察任务。A sort of repeating ground track orbit with low incline was studied in order to improve the time coverage of location in middle and low latitude regions in this paper.The definition of the repeating ground track was given out.With the consideration of the local time could be changed periodically due to the disturbance of the earth,and the characteristic of the orbit and load,the design method of the constellation for particular area was presented in which the constellation,homogeneous arrangement of oribit planes,reasonable latitude argument to make uniform ground track and conplementary maximum revisit time blind zone were applied.The orbit of radar satellite was designed for Fuzhou.The coverage and revisit time were analyzed.The constellation with 3satellites was given.The simulation showed that the sequential coverage for 4~5orbits in daily could be achieved for location using the repeating ground track orbit with low incline.Making use of 3satellites,the maximum revisit time also could be shortened into one orbit time,which less than 2hours.The repeating ground track orbit with low incline had the better adaptability for the location reconnaissance of the radar satellite.

关 键 词：雷达卫星 回归轨道 地面轨迹 低倾角轨道 组网 覆盖能力 重访特性 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]