小麦赤霉病药防的新理念  

Drug Prevention of Wheat Gibberellic Disease

作　　者：马勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省建湖县植保植检站,江苏建湖224700

出　　处：《农学学报》2016年第4期20-25,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新项目"小麦产品中镰刀菌毒素的风险评估与监测预警关键技术研究"[CX(14)2126]

摘　　要：针对当前江苏省建湖地区小麦赤霉病频发、重发,且防治主体药剂——多菌灵及其复配剂防效下降的现状,笔者提出了一些新的药防理念,以期为小麦赤霉病的大面积防治提供理论依据。主要通过提高多·酮的利用率、多菌灵的减量使用、选择代替多·酮的药剂新组合来防治小麦赤霉病等3个办法,改进小麦赤霉病的药防。结果表明:40%多·酮1500 g/hm^2兑水225 kg对小麦赤霉病的病指防效为65.24%,与40%多·酮2250 g/hm^2兑水300 kg的病指防效(68.43%)接近。40%多·酮1500 g/hm^2加入5%白醋1500 m L/hm^2对小麦赤霉病的病指防效为71.04%,好于40%多·酮2250 g/hm^2的病指防效(68.43%)。药剂新组合对小麦赤霉病的病指防效达84.71%,远高于常规药剂40%多·酮2250 g/hm^2的病指防效(68.43%),理论产量的增产效果达12.83%。研究结果表明,控制用水量可以提高多·酮的利用率,添加助剂可以达成多·酮的减量使用,使用新药剂组合可以达到很好的防治和增产效果。Now the frequency of wheat gibberellic disease occurrence is high in Jianhu of Jiangsu Province, andthe control efficiency of the main prevention drug—carbendazim and its mixtures is declining year after year.So the author put forward a new view of drug prevention for controlling wheat gibberellic disease in large area.Three ways were used to improve the drug prevention of wheat gibberellic disease, including increasing theavailability of polyketone, reducing the dosage of carbendazim, and selecting new substitute combination ofpolyketone. The results showed that, 40% polyketone 1500 g/hm^2 with 225 kg water had the control efficiencyof disease index as 65.24%; and it was similar to the efficiency of 40% polyketone 2250 g/hm^2 with 300 kgwater（68.43%）. 40% polyketone 1500 g/hm^2 mixed with 5% white vinegar 1500 m L/hm^2 had the controlefficiency of disease index as 71.04%, better than that of 2250 g/hm^2 of 40% polyketone（68.43%）. The controlefficiency of disease index of the new drug combination was 84.71%, which was higher than that of theconventional drug 40% polyketone 2250 g/hm^2（68.43%）. The increasing effect of theoretical yield was 12.83%.The results indicated that the controlling of water could improve the utilization of polyketone, adding theadditives could reduce the dosage of polyketone, and the use of new combination could increase the controlefficiency and yield.

关 键 词：小麦赤霉病 药防技术 药剂组合 

分 类 号：S482.299[农业科学—农药学]