无压地下灌溉条件下土壤水分入渗特性研究  

Characteristics of Soil Water Infiltration under Non-pressure Subirrigation

作　　者：李蕊[1] 张宽地[2] 陈俊英[2] 

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2016年第4期37-40,43,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51409221;51349001);陕西省科技创新与攻关项目(2013K01-35)

摘　　要：通过室内土箱试验,研究了不同供水压力(-3、0、3cm)和灌水器孔径(4、6、8mm)对无压灌溉下累积入渗量、湿润峰动态变化以及土壤含水率分布的影响。结果表明,不同供水压力和灌水器孔径下累积入渗量、土壤湿润体水平向和垂直向最大湿润距离均随入渗时间的增加以幂函数形式增大,湿润体内土壤含水率沿湿润球体半径方向以二次抛物线形式逐渐减小。随着供水压力的增大,相同时段内的土壤入渗量增大,湿润锋的迁移速度也随之变快;在供水压力相同的条件下,大孔径灌水器在相同时段内的土壤入渗量、水平向和垂直向最大湿润距离均比小孔径灌水器情况下的数值要大。在中大灌水器孔径条件下,土壤含水率随供水压力增大而增大,而小孔径情况下差异显著。Through Laboratory soil box experiments,the effects of different supplied water pressures（-3,0,3cm）and emitter apertures（4,6,8mm）on the cumulative infiltration,wetting front and soil moisture distribution under non-pressure subirrigation were studied.The results showed that the cumulative infiltration,horizontal and vertical maximum wetting front increased with the time in power function under different water pressures and emitter apertures.The soil moisture in the wetted body decreased as the spherical radius decreased in quadratic parabola function.With the increase of water pressure,the soil infiltration and wetting front within the same period increased.Under the same water pressure,the soil infiltration,horizontal and vertical maximum wetting front within the same period obtained with the largest aperture emitter were greater than those obtained with the smaller aperture emitters.The soil moisture obtained with the larger aperture emitter increased with the water pressure,while there was no significant difference in the soil moisture under different water pressures obtained with the smallest aperture emitter.

关 键 词：无压灌溉 累积入渗量 湿润锋 土壤含水率 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]