城市交通拥堵缓解对车辆减排的效益研究  

Evaluating the Benefits of Traffic Congestion Mitigation on Vehicles Emissions Reduction

作　　者：单肖年 叶建红[1,2] 陈小鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [2]现代城市交通技术江苏高校协同创新中心,南京210096

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2016年第2期37-43,共7页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(1600219251)~~

摘　　要：城市交通拥堵缓解会释放潜在的交通需求,车辆减排的净效益与交通拥挤程度密切相关.本文利用弹性系数的概念,提出一种考虑潜在交通需求的城市交通拥堵缓解对车辆减排的效益研究方法.研究表明,车辆减排的净效益取决于潜在交通需求与单车减排效率间的平衡;对不同的污染物,车辆减排的净效益呈现不同的特征.此外,本文探究了私车牌照拍卖政策及快速机动化背景对拥堵缓解后车辆减排的效益影响.最后,定性分析了城市交通拥堵缓解策略对车辆减排的影响.研究成果对评估城市交通拥堵缓解的车辆减排净效益具有重要的理论及实际意义.Traffic congestion mitigation can release the induced travel demand; the net benefits of vehicle emissions reduction are closely related with the traffic congestion level. A methodological framework to evaluate the benefits of traffic congestion mitigation on vehicles emissions reduction is established based on the concept of elasticity with considering the induced travel demand. Results show that the net benefits of vehicles emissions reduction depend on the balance of induced travel demand and one vehicle emissions reduction efficiency; and to the different pollutants, the net benefits of vehicles emissions reduction present different features. Furthermore, the vehicle license auction system in Shanghai is analyzed, as well as the rapid process of motorization in China. In the end, the influence of traffic management strategies to vehicles emissions reduction is analyzed. Findings can provide a methodological framework to evaluate the benefits of traffic congestion mitigation on vehicles emissions reduction with significant theoretical and practical purpose.

关 键 词：城市交通 拥堵缓解 车辆减排 潜在交通需求 交通管理策略 

分 类 号：U121[交通运输工程]