大针茅对放牧生态系统植物群落地上生物量的调控作用  

Regulatory Effects of Stip grandis on Above-ground Biomass of Plant Community in Grazing Ecosystem

作　　者：胡静[1,2] 侯向阳[1] 萨茹拉[1] 李西良[1,2] 王珍[1] 丁勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《草地学报》2016年第1期1-11,共11页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2014CB138805);国家自然科学基金项目(71103185;71311120089);中央公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(1610332014001;1610332015001);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD13B07);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-IGR 2015-05)资助

摘　　要：通过放牧梯度试验,研究放牧对内蒙古典型草原5种优势植物在个体、种群和群落水平上的影响,探讨大针茅(Stip grandis)对放牧生态系统植物群落地上生物量的调控作用。结果表明:个体水平,中轻度放牧对以大针茅和糙隐子草(Cleistogenes squarrosa)为代表的丛生禾草株高影响较小,对以羊草(Leymus chinensis)、黄囊苔草(Carex korshinskyi)和米氏冰草(Agropyron michnoi)为代表的根茎型禾草株高影响较大,植物株高的降低与个体地上生物量减少呈显著正相关。种群水平,大针茅种群生物量对放牧的响应迟缓,羊草、米氏冰草、糙隐子草和黄囊苔草种群生物量的减少与多度减少呈显著正相关。群落水平,大针茅的耐牧性使其成为资源重配的获益者,轻中度放牧干扰下,其地上生物量的补偿生长缓冲了放牧对群落的影响,对维持群落生产力与功能稳定性起重要的调控作用。A grazing density experiment was conducted in the typical steppe of Inner Mongolia.Based on the influence of grazing on 5dominant species in individual,population and community level,respectively,the experiment explored the regulatory effects of Stip grandis on above-ground biomass in grazing ecosystem.Results showed that：In individual level,heights of bunch grass（Stip grandis and Cleistogenes squarrosa）were not affected by light and moderate grazing,while heights of rhizome grass（Leymus chinensis,Agropyron michnoi and Carex korshinskyi）were decreased with grazing treatment.There was apositive correlation between plant height and individual biomass in grazing ecosystem.In population level,Stip grandis was not sensitive to grazing,but the population biomass of Leymus chinensis,Agropyron michnoi,Cleistogenes squarrosa and Carex korshinskyi showed positive correlation to their richness.In community level,community biomass was regulated by biomass of Stip grandis,which has the high grazing tolerance.In light and moderate grazing treatment,Stip grandis was the beneficiary within the redistributed resource.Compensatory growth of Stip grandis buffered the disturbance of grazing,and regulated the community production and functional stability.

关 键 词：大针茅 放牧生态系统 典型草原 地上生物量 植物个体-种群-群落 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]