不同杀菌剂及复配对苜蓿锈病的防治研究  

Toxicity Test of Different Fungicides and Compound Formulations to Alfalfa Rust

作　　者：雒富春 袁庆华[1] 王瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [2]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草地学报》2016年第1期165-170,共6页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：农业行业专项(201303057);国家十二五支撑项目(2011BAD17B01)资助

摘　　要：为了筛选防治苜蓿(Medicago sativa)锈病有效单剂和复配组合,本试验采用盆栽喷雾法,测定了14种杀菌剂及5种复配剂对苜蓿锈菌的毒力,并比较不同复配的协同增效作用。结果表明:在单剂毒力测定中,苜蓿锈菌对嘧菌酯最敏感,EC50为1.8809mg·L-1;甲基硫菌灵的毒力最弱,EC50为747.0022mg·L-1。按照不同杀菌机理的药剂复配机理,嘧菌酯和戊唑醇复配中,1∶9组合产生相加作用,其余比例复配均表现为增效作用,其中5∶1增效作用最强,增效系数SR为4.9684;嘧菌酯和烯酰吗啉复配,协同增效作用最强的是以1∶3组合,增效系数为5.1114,但二者以9∶1复配时产生拮抗作用;嘧菌酯和代森锰锌复配,1∶7复配组合增效系数SR为4.5757,协同增效作用比较明显。吡唑醚菌酯与苯醚甲环唑复配增效作用最强的是1∶5复配组合,其增效系数SR为5.2276;与百菌清的复配,1∶7复配组合增效作用最为明显,其增效系数SR为5.8058,因此,从单剂防效看嘧菌酯和吡唑醚菌酯效果最好,复配剂中,吡唑醚菌酯和百菌清以1∶7防效最好。In order to select effective fungicide for the control of alfalfa rust,14 kinds of fungicides toxicity were measured using potted plant and spray method to study the synergitic effect,and 6kinds of fungicides of mixed formulation were selected.The test results indicated that Azoxystrobin had the strongest toxicity to alfalfa rust and EC50 was 1.8809mg·L^-1,Thiophanate-methyl had the weakest toxicity and EC50 were747.0022mg·L^-1.According to the different mechanisms of fungicides,the 1∶9formulation of Azoxystrobin mixed with Tebuconazole produced an additive effect,the 5∶1formulation had the strongest synergistic effect and efficiency coefficient was 4.9684.The 1∶3formulation of Azoxystrobin mixed with dimethomorph produced the strongest synergies and efficiency coefficient was 5.1114,but 9∶1formulation produced antagonism effect.The 1∶7formulation of Azoxystrobin mixed with mancozeb produced obvious synergies and efficiency coefficient was 4.5757.The 1∶5formulation of Pyraclostrobin mixed with difenoconazole produced the strongest synergy effect and efficiency coefficient was 5.2276.The 1∶7formulation of Pyraclostrobin mixed with chlorothalonil produced obvious effect and efficiency coefficient was 5.8058.

关 键 词：苜蓿锈病 杀菌剂 筛选 复配 毒力测定 

分 类 号：S435.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]