公开水域游泳运动的生理学研究进展  

The Physiological Research Progress of Open Water Swimming

作　　者：陈洁星[1] 周丽云 黄田[1] 孙通[3] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州350107 [2]福建省体育科学研究所,福建福州350102 [3]福建医科大学体育部,福建福州350108

出　　处：《福建体育科技》2016年第2期24-27,38,共5页Fujian Sports Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省教育厅B类项目<国外竞技游泳科研十年研究进展述评>(JB13059S)

摘　　要：为公开水域游泳运动的选材、训练和比赛提供参考依据,提高我国公开水域游泳运动的发展水平,采用文献综述法,概述国内外公开水域游泳运动员ACE基因I/D多态性特征、低体温症、热应激以及运动性低钠血症的研究进展,相关研究结果发现:ACE-I等位基因是决定耐力素质的关键因素,5-10km公开水域游泳运动员与马拉松长跑运动员的ACE-I等位基因存在较大差异,但可能与室内游泳项目运动员相似;皮褶厚度影响机体隔绝外界低温的能力;下丘脑的体温调节中枢可作为个体出现低体温症的影响因素之一;游泳运动员的这种低汗率高但高Na+和Cl–的出汗适应性可能是导致游泳运动员在公开水域进行长时间游泳时出现低钠血症的主要原因之一。For open water swimming movement provided a reference for material selection,training and competition,improve the level of the development of open water swimming movement in China,this study adopts the method of literature review,an overview of domestic and foreign open water swimming athletes of ACE gene I / D polymorphism characteristics,hypothermia,the research progress of thermal stress and motility hyponatremia,related research results found that： the ACE- i allele is the key factor that determine the endurance quality,5- 10 km of open water swimming athletes and marathon runner ACE- I have a quite different alleles,but may be similar to the indoor swimming athletes; Skinfold affect the body isolated from the outside world＇s ability to low temperature;The hypothalamus of the temperature regulating center can be used as an individual in one of the influence factors of hypothermia; Swimmer of the low high sweat rate but high Na ＋ and Cl- sweating adaptability could be swimming athletes for a long time in open water swimming when one of the leading causes of hyponatremia.

关 键 词：公开水域游泳 ACE基因 低体温症 热应激 低钠血症 

分 类 号：G861.1[文化科学—体育训练]