紫花苜蓿人工草地非充分灌溉技术创新应用研究  

Study on Innovation and Application of Inadequate Irrigation Technology in Alfalfa Artificial Grassland

作　　者：艾尔肯.苏里塔诺夫 麦麦提敏.乃依木 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站,新疆乌鲁木齐830049

出　　处：《草食家畜》2016年第3期38-44,共7页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研项目(KY2015006)

摘　　要：为优化紫花苜蓿人工草地的非充分灌溉方式,逐步提高水分利用效率。本实验采用田间观测法,遵照以水定草、最大调亏的逆向思维,参照紫花苜蓿SPAC水分运移规律,对灌溉定额3 600 mm3/hm2(近似于360 mm降水)和1 800 mm3/hm2(近似于180 mm降水)进行了比对试验。结果表明在日均高温大于23℃的高耗水阶段减少充分灌溉定额的50%水量,在理论上放弃第二茬紫花苜蓿的产量,以最低灌溉量维持其主根颈以下免于严重失水导致萎蔫,度过高温高耗水时期再将灌溉量的余额分配于第三茬,最终减产率为29.1%,节水率50%。To optimize the alfalfa inadequate irrigation methods of artificial grassland, gradually improve water use efficiency, This experiment adopts the field observation method according to the reverse thinking of grass depending on waterand most major lossbased on Alfalfa SPAC water migration rule, compared irrigation quota for 3600 mm/hm(similar to 360 mm ofrainfall) with 1800 mmr/hm(similar to 180 mm of rainfall). It is showed that when the average daily temperature is greater than 23 ℃,reduce 50% of irrigation quota to theoretically give up the second crop of Alfalfa production, the lowest amount of irrigation maintains its taproot below the neck from severe water loss cause wilting, after high temperature and high water consumption period, distribute water amount balance in the third, the final reduction rate is 29.1%, and the water saving rate is 50%.

关 键 词：SPAC系统 旱区 紫花苜蓿 非充分灌溉定额 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S812.68[农业科学—草业科学]