高温胁迫下水杨酸对菊花幼苗生理生化指标的影响  

Physiological and biochemical indexes of exogenous salicylic acid on chrysanthemum seedlings with high temperature stress

作　　者：贾思振[1,2] 杨恒伟 颜志明[1,2] 魏跃[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏农林职业技术学院,江苏句容212400 [2]江苏现代园艺工程技术中心,江苏句容212400 [3]山东省齐河县职业中等专业学校,山东齐河251100

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2016年第3期449-454,共6页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20131243);江苏省农业三项工程项目(SXGC[2015]311)

摘　　要：为研究高温胁迫下水杨酸(SA)对菊花Chrysanthemum×morifolium幼苗热伤害的缓解作用,以扦插40 d的夏菊幼苗为材料,向叶片喷施不同浓度[0(空白),15,30,45,60 mmol·L^(-1)]的水杨酸溶液,研究在不同高温时间[0(对照),24,48,72 h]处理下叶片叶绿素、丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量,以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),过氧化物酶(POD),过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性。结果表明:喷施水杨酸能够减轻菊花叶片叶绿素质量分数的降低速度,用30 mmol·L^(-1)水杨酸处理72 h后叶片叶绿素质量分数仅比对照(未进行高温处理)降低了1.7%;高温处理后,使用不同浓度的水杨酸处理能够减轻菊花叶片丙二醛质量摩尔浓度的增加,增加脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖的质量分数,以30 mmol·L^(-1)的水杨酸处理72 h的效果最好。菊花叶片丙二醛质量摩尔浓度仅比对照增加了86.8%,为4.76μmol·g^(-1),脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白的质量分数则分别增加了94.3%,112.1%和80.0%,均高于其他处理;高温处理后,SOD活性呈现先升高再降低的趋势,POD和CAT活性逐渐升高,而且30mmol·L^(-1)水杨酸对于SOD和POD的影响最为明显,15 mmol·L^(-1)水杨酸对于CAT的影响最显著。结果表明:短期高温胁迫引起了菊花叶片的叶绿素、可溶性渗透调节物质和抗氧化系统都受到了不容程度的伤害,水杨酸能起到一定的保护作用,减轻高温对叶片的影响。To study the relief of salicylic acid （SA） on thermal damage in chrysanthemum seedlings with high temperature stresses of 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, cuttings from 40-day-old summer chrysanthemum seedlings were used as materials. Leaves were sprayed with different concentrations of SA （0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 mmol·L-1）. Then the content of chlorophyll, malondialdehyde （MDA）, proline, free soluble sugar, and free soluble protein, were studied along with activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, and hydrogen peroxide （CAT） enzyme. Results showed that compared with the controls, the 30 mmol·L-1 salicylic acid treatment on the leaf for 72 h reduced leaf chlorophyll content 1.7%, have significant difference （P〈0.05）. After high temperature treatment, best results were with the 30 mmol·L-1 salicylic acid treatment where compared to the control the MDA content increased 86.8%, have significant difference（P〈0.05）. The content of proline （94.3%）, free soluble sugar （112.1%）, and free soluble protein （80%） significantly increased than other treatments（P〈0.05）. SOD activity first increased, then decreased, whereas POD and catalase （CAT） activity increased. The 30 mmol .C-1 SA concentration had the greatest effect on SOD and POD, and 15 mmol .C-1 SA had the greatest effect on CAT. Thus, a short duration of high temperature stress damaged chrysanthemum leaves, but SA could play a protective role mitigating the damage. [Ch, 4 fig. 14 ref].

关 键 词：园艺学 高温胁迫 水杨酸 菊花 生理生化 

分 类 号：S682.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]