温州市健康人群百日咳和白喉抗体水平调查  

An investigation on the antibody levels to pertussis and diphtheria among healthy people in Wenzhou City

作　　者：王志刚[1] 林献丹[1] 杨晓霞[2] 倪成剑[3] 许益准 林小邀 

机构地区：[1]温州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江温州325000 [2]苍南县疾病预防控制中心 [3]乐清市疾病预防控制中心 [4]平阳县疾病预防控制中心 [5]泰顺县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《浙江预防医学》2016年第6期565-569,573,共6页Zhejiang Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：温州市科技局项目(Y20140425)

摘　　要：目的 了解2014年温州市健康人群百日咳和白喉抗体水平,为百日咳和白喉防制提供依据。方法 采用分层抽样方法,抽取温州市1 350名健康居民进行人口学特征及免疫史调查,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测百日咳Ig G抗体和白喉Ig G抗体。根据检测结果对≥3岁且百日咳抗体浓度≥100 IU/m L的对象进行疾病史回顾性调查并估算百日咳感染率。对百日咳、白喉抗体水平在接种疫苗后衰减趋势进行对比分析。结果 百日咳抗体阳性率为36.52%（标化后47.87%）,抗体浓度中位数为19.45 IU/m L,随着年龄增长而增高,36岁~组最高（56.35%,36.39 IU/m L）。3剂次以上百白破疫苗（DPT）接种率为95.80%,其对应人群抗体阳性率为24.36%。接种疫苗0~3月后抗体阳性率为28.57%,10~12月后为10.71%,其浓度水平随时间推移在0~12月内呈线性相关（r=-0.22,P〈0.05）。由≥3岁且抗体浓度≥100 IU/m L对象所占的比例7.91%,估算温州市≥3岁健康人群百日咳感染率为49.30%;白喉抗体阳性率96.00%（标化后95.03%）,抗体浓度中位数为0.13 IU/m L。新生儿抗体阳性率最低（82.50%）,1岁~组婴幼儿最高（100.00%）。有含白喉成分疫苗免疫史者其抗体阳性率（或抗体安全保护率）、抗体浓度均高于无免疫史者（P均〈0.05）。接种DPT后白喉抗体持久性高于百日咳。结论 温州市健康人群对百日咳易感性高,百日咳自然感染应是影响地区抗体水平的重要因素。健康人群白喉抗体水平较高,儿童含白喉成分疫苗接种效果良好,成人含白喉成份疫苗的预防接种不容忽视。Objective To learn the immunity levels of pertussis and diphtheria among healthy people in Wenzhou City,and to provide scientific evidence for the effective control of the two diseases. Methods Stratified sampling method was applied in this investigation and 1 350 healthy people were investigated and provided serum samples. Vaccine immunization of pertussis and diphtheria and demographic characteristics were also collected. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was conducted to detect pertussis and diphtheria antibodies. Those with more than 100 IU/ml aged more than 3 years were also investigated the disease history. The estimated infection rate of pertussis for population aged more than 3 years was based on the test results. The attenuation trend of pertussis and diphtheria immunity levels after vaccination was analyzed contrastively. Results The antibody positive rate to pertussis was 36.52%, and the median of antibody concentration was 19.45IU/ml. The antibody positive rate and concentration was highest among 36 - 60 years old people （64. 29%, 36.39 IU/ml）. The vaccination rate of population with more than 3 doses of DPT （Diphtheria Toxoid - Pertussis Vaccine -Tetanus Toxoid） was 95.80% , and the corresponding positive rate was 24.36%. The positive rate was 28.57% in 0 -3 month and 10.71% in 10 - 12 month after vaccination. The antibody concentration to pertussis had a negative correlation with days after vaccination（r = -0. 22,P 〈0. 05）. The proportion of subjects with more than 100 IU/ml in population aged more than 3 years was 7.91%. The estimated infection rate of pertussis for population aged more than 3 years was 49.27%. The antibody positive rate to diphtheria was 96.00% , and the median of antibody concentration was 0. 13 IU/ml. The positive rate was highest （100%） among 1 -2 years old people and lowest （82.5%） among newborns. Antibody positive rate （protective rate） and antibody concentration to diphtheria of population which had more doses of DPT or had vaccinated wi

关 键 词：百日咳 白喉 抗体水平 调查 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]