基于熵权物元可拓理论的隧道塌方风险评估  

Risk assessment on the tunnel collapse probability by the theory of extenics in combination with the entropy weight and matter-element model

作　　者：杨卓[1] 戎晓力[1] 卢浩[1] 董鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学爆炸冲击防灾减灾国家重点实验室,南京210007

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2016年第2期15-19,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2013CB036005)

摘　　要：为了准确评价隧道塌方风险等级,降低隧道施工过程中塌方事故的风险,基于熵权物元可拓理论建立了隧道塌方风险分级的评估模型。在统计及综合分析隧道塌方影响因素的基础上,选取围岩级别、跨度、偏压角度、埋深、地下水影响、断层破碎带、施工管理与技术水平7个主要因素作为隧道塌方等级评价指标。借鉴可拓学原理,将熵权法引入可拓学理论中,建立了熵权物元可拓评估模型,对隧道塌方风险进行评估。在熵权物元可拓评估模型中,对定性的指标进行量化,并对各指标进行归一化处理,构建隧道塌方等级评估的经典域、节域和待评物元;为客观、合理地确定指标权重,提出用熵权法计算指标权重;对隧道塌方风险进行关联函数值和关联度分析,确定隧道塌方风险等级及其变量特征值。在工程应用中,对某隧道1#横洞的数据进行统计分析,通过构建的熵权物元可拓评估模型得到某隧道1#横洞的待评物元,从而应用熵权物元可拓理论对某隧道1#横洞进行隧道塌方风险评估,评估结果与实际开挖中毛开挖面围岩不稳定、且时有掉块现象发生的情况一致。研究表明,将熵权物元可拓理论应用于山岭隧道塌方风险评估是可行的,应用该模型得到的隧道塌方等级与实际开挖情况相吻合,很好地预测了隧道施工的安全状态。In this paper,we would like to introduce a new evaluation model for the tunnel collapse we have developed based on the entropy-weight and matter element extension theory. Seeing the serious current situation with the underground engineering safety,we have worked out a new model for the collapse evaluation to be trial-employed in one tunnel,by taking into careful account all the indexes of the tunnel collapse probability. Furthermore,we have chosen seven main factors through comprehensive and statistical analysis and investigated the tunnel collapse influential factors. The aforementioned factors of the said model include the surrounding rock grade,the excavation progress,the angle of the unsymmetrical pressure,the tunnel depth,the impact of the groundwater situation on the engi-neering progress,the shattered fault zone,the construction management as well as the technical levels. To improve and heighten the applicability of the model,we have combined the entropy weight with the extension theory for evaluating such collapse risks. To achieve more realistic results,we have quantified all the indicators in hoping to avoid any obscure and indefinite description,trying to carry out the dimensionless method in analyzing the related indicators. And,then,we have established the classic domains,the joint domains and the matter elements to review the tunnel collapse grade assessment results with the element analysis extension theory and determine further the weights of the indicators properly with the use of the said entropy weights. At the same time,we have also analyzed the correlation degree,the tunnel collapse risk level and the variable characteristic values. And,finally,we have made an attempt to adopt our model to the engineering practice to deal with the problems of one tunnel,and in turn we have found the surrounding rock of the excavation face unstable,resulting in the rock falling. Proven that the evaluation result of the new model is consistent with the actual phenomenon,it can be expected to be suitable for the

关 键 词：安全工程 塌方 熵权 可拓学理论 无量纲化 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]