职业接触草甘膦工人肝脏指标分析  

Analysis of Liver Index of Workers Exposed to Glyphosate

作　　者：潘丽萍[1,2] 张锋[2] 刘庆东[2,3] 赵秋妮 丁恩民 王博深 朱宝立[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210029 [2]江苏省疾病预防控制中心职业病防治所,江苏南京210028 [3]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210009 [4]南通大学公共卫生学院,江苏南通226000

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2016年第4期380-384,共5页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家卫生标准项目(编号:20140701);江苏省医学领军人才项目(编号:LJ201130)

摘　　要：[目的]了解草甘膦职业接触工人肝脏指标检查结果。[方法]采用整群抽样的方法抽取4家草甘膦生产企业进行职业卫生调查和作业场所空气中草甘膦监测。选取草甘膦生产一线工人为接触组（345人）,选取同厂不接触草甘膦及其他有毒有害因素的工人为对照组（345人）。对工人进行问卷调查以及健康检查。[结果]工厂作业环境空气中草甘膦质量浓度监测以干燥和包装岗位较高,干燥岗位最高达到94.59 mg/m3,包装岗位最高达到20.68～26.43 mg/m3。接触组胆碱酯酶（Ch E）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、总胆红素（TBIL）异常率（10.4%、12.5%、11.9%）均高于对照组（4.3%、7.8%、6.1%）（P=0.002、P=0.044、P=0.008）。草甘膦接触工人中,高工龄组肝脏B超异常率（39.6%）高于低工龄组（27.0%）（P=0.014）;男工肝脏B超异常率（36.5%）、ALT异常率（16.6%）均高于女工（23.1%、2.9%）（P=0.014,P=0.000）,女工Ch E异常率（19.2%）高于男工（6.6%）（P=0.000）。[结论]草甘膦可能会对接触工人的肝脏造成损伤。[Objective] To study the liver index of workers with occupational glyphosate exposure. [Methods] Occupational health situation in four glyphosate plants selected by cluster sampling method was investigated. The concentration of glyphosate in the workplace air was determined. Workers from glyphosate production line were recruited as the exposed group（n=345） and those without pesticide production and other occupational hazards as the control group（n=345）. All the participants underwent questionnaire survey and took a health examination at the same time. [Results] The average concentrations of glyphosate in the drying and packing positions were relatively high and up to 94.59 mg/m3 and 20.68-26.43 mg/m3, separately. Compared with the control group（4.3%, 7.8%, and 6.1%）, the abnormal rates of cholinesterase（Ch E）, alanine aminotransferase（ALT）, and total bilirubin（TBIL） in the exposed group（10.4%, 12.5%, and 11.9%） significantly increased（P=0.002, P=0.044, P=0.008）. In the glyphosate exposed workers, those with higher seniority（39.6%） presented a higher abnormal rate of liver conditions by B-mode ultrasonography than those with lower seniority（27.0%）（P=0.014）. The abnormal rates of liver condition by B-mode ultrasonography and ALT in the male workers（36.5% and 16.6%） were significantly higher than those in the female workers（23.1% and 2.9%）（P=0.014, P=0.000）. In contrast, the abnormal rate of Ch E in the female workers（19.2%） was significantly higher than that in the male workers（6.6%）（P=0.000）. [Conclusion] The present investigation suggests that occupational glyphosate exposure may injure workers＇ livers.

关 键 词：草甘膦 现况调查 肝功能 胆碱酯酶 职业卫生 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]