欧洲难民危机政治影响的双重分析  

A Dual Analysis of the Political Impacts of the European Refugee Crisis

作　　者：宋全成[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院 [2]山东大学移民研究所

出　　处：《欧洲研究》2016年第1期128-142,8,共15页Chinese Journal of European Studies

摘　　要：史无前例的欧洲难民危机对欧洲国家和欧盟的政治生活,产生了重大影响。尤其是科隆集体性侵案发生以后,欧洲难民危机的政治影响更加显著。在欧洲民族国家的层面上,难民问题导致选民基础发生急剧变化,选民分裂与对抗加剧、反伊斯兰化的团体势力正在壮大、反移民的极右翼政党迅速崛起,慷慨接纳难民的欢迎文化备受质疑,接纳难民的政治决策正在发生逆转。在欧盟的层面,欧洲难民危机进一步加剧了欧洲联盟政治根基的脆弱性,让欧盟基本的价值理念如自由、平等、民主、人权以及国际条约的约束力遭受重大冲击,疑欧主义政党迅速崛起,某些国家的脱欧倾向明显,欧盟面临着解体的巨大风险。The unprecedented European refugee crisis has made significant impacts on the political landscape in the European countries and in the European Union,which becomes more obvious especially after the Cologne collective sexual assault case.At the level of the European countries,the voter base is undergoing dramatic changes,with intensified split and confrontation between the voters,growing influences of the Anti-Islamist groups,and the rapid rising of the far-rights,thus leading to the popular culture that generally welcomed refugees being questioned and the political decisions which originally tended to accept the refugees being reversed.While at the EU level,the European refugee crisis have further exacerbated the vulnerability of the political foundation of the European Union and weakened to a great extent the binding force of international treaties and the basic values of the EU,such as freedom,equality,democracy and human rights.A rapid rise of the political forces that hold a Eurosceptic stand and even a tendency of exit from the European Union in some countries have brought a huge risk of disintegration to the EU.

关 键 词：欧洲难民危机 政治危机 反移民 反欧洲一体化 欧盟解体 

分 类 号：D815.6[政治法律—国际关系]