2004-2015年新疆输入性疟疾疫情分析  

Epidemiological Analysis of Imported Malaria in Xinjiang from 2004 to 2015

作　　者：买买提江.吾买尔 伊斯拉音.乌斯曼 阿迪力.司马义 童苏祥[1] 候岩岩 亚力昆.买买提依明 肖宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,科技部国家级热带病国际联合研究中心,世界卫生组织热带病合作中心,上海200025

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2016年第2期128-132,共5页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：目的 通过分析2004-2015年新疆输入性疟疾疫情，掌握其流行病学特征。 方法 收集2004-2015年新疆报告的疟疾病例个案调查表信息和各类疫情报告资料，分析疟疾疫情和病例特征。 结果 2004-2015年，新疆共报告疟疾病例77例，均为输入性病例。2004-2009年42例，占54.5%（42/77），其中实验室确诊24例，临床诊断18例。2010-2015年35例，占45.5%（35/77），其中实验室确诊27例，临床诊断8例。77例中，51例为实验室确诊，26例为临床诊断病例。在实验室确诊的51例中，恶性疟18例，间日疟31例，未分型2例。病例中男女比例为6.7 ∶ 1，男性高于女性（P＜0.05）。患者年龄为14-75岁，平均（39.7±13.3）岁。31-40岁年龄组占26.0%（20/77），41-50岁年龄组占24.7%（19/77），各年龄组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。从输入来源地分析，非洲输入28例，占总病例数的36.4%（28/77）；亚洲（含中国其他省份）输入49例，占63.6%（49/77）。患者自发病到确诊的时间为1-320 d，其中，发病24 h内确诊的仅3例（3.9%），1周以上的59例（76.6%）。自治区级医疗机构报告28例（36.4%），地（州、市）级医疗机构报告例15例（19.5%），疾控机构报告5例（6.5%），其余29例（37.7%）由县级及以下医疗机构报告。所有输入病例均未引起继发二代病例。 结论 2004-2015年间新疆输入性疟疾病例多为实验室确诊病例，且主要由医疗机构报告，主要输入源为非洲和亚洲。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Xinjiang. Methods The information of reported malaria cases and epidemiological records from various sources in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2004 to 2015 was collected. The epidemiological characteristics of malaria cases were analyzed. Results Seventy-seven malaria cases were reported in Xinjiang from 2004 to 2015, and all were imported cases. In detail, 42 cases （54.5%） were reported during the time period of 2004-2009, with 24 laboratory diagnosed and 18 clinically diagnosed; 35 cases （45.5%） were reported from 2010 to 2015, with 27 laboratory diagnosed and 8 clinically diagnosed. Among the 51 cases with laboratory diagnosis, 18 were falciparum malaria, 31 were vivax malaria, and 2 unidentified. The male-to-female ratio was 6.7 ∶ 1（P〈0.05）. The age range of the patients was 14-75 years （39.7 ± 13.3 years）, comprising 26.0% （20/77） for the range of 31-40 years and 24.7% （19/77） for the range of 41-50（P〉0.05 among the age groups）. From the perspective of case sources, 28 cases （36.4%） were imported from Africa and 49 cases（63.6%） from Asia （including other provinces of China）. The interval from onset to final diagnosis ranged 1-320 days. Only 3 patients（3.9%） were diagnosed within 24 h, and 59 patients（76.6%） were not diagnosed until or over one week. In addition, 28 cases（36.4%） were reported by medical institutions at the provincial level, 15 cases（19.5%） were reported by medical institutions at the prefecture level, 5 cases（6.5%） were reported by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the rest 29 cases（37.7%） were reported at the county level or below. No secondary transmission was found. Conclusion Most of the imported malaria cases during 2004-2015 were diagnosed with laboratory tests, reported by medical institutions, and were from Africa and Asia.

关 键 词：疟疾 输入性病例 疫情 新疆 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]