气孔特征与叶片功能性状之间关联性沿海拔梯度的变化规律--以长白山为例  

Altitudinal variation in the covariation of stomatal traits with leaf functional traits in Changbai Mountain

作　　者：王瑞丽[1,2] 于贵瑞[1] 何念鹏[1] 王秋凤[1] 赵宁[1,2] 徐志伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)综合研究中心,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2016年第8期2175-2184,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(31290221);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所可桢杰出青年学者计划(2013RC102)

摘　　要：气孔是陆生植物与外界环境进行水分和气体交换的主要通道,控制着植物的光合作用和蒸腾过程。植物往往通过多种性状的组合来适应变化的环境,叶片功能性状之间的紧密关系已经在不同尺度得到证实。然而,植物气孔特征与叶片其它功能性状是否存在关联性以及这种关联性是否会受到环境变化梯度的影响仍鲜少报道。沿长白山北坡6个海拔梯度,测定了150种植物的气孔特征和叶片功能性状。结果发现,气孔密度(SD)与比叶面积(SLA)负相关,与单位面积的叶氮含量(N_(area))正相关;除了SLA和N_(area)外,气孔长度(SL)与SLA、叶片厚度(LT)和单位质量的叶氮含量(N_(mass))均存在显著的相关性(P<0.05)。然而,气孔特征与叶片功能性状的相关性只在部分海拔梯度存在。此外,发现SD与SL之间存在稳定一致的负相关关系。这些结果表明,植物气孔特征与叶片形态和化学特征对环境变化的适应存在一定的协同变异性,但这种关系不具有普适性,主要与气孔特征和叶片功能性状的选择压力存在差异以及物种分布范围相关。未来仍需要在更多物种和不同区域内来验证气孔特征与植物功能性状之间的关联关系。Stomata, small pores on the surfaces of plant leaves and stalks, act as turgor-operated valves to control gas （e.g. water vapor and carbon dioxide） exchange between plant tissues and the atmosphere. Stomata therefore play a major role in the regulation of water and carbon cycling. Generally, plants adapt to changing environments through the combination of multiple traits. The strong relationships between leaf morphological, chemical, and physiological traits have been documented within and across plant species, biomes, and even globally. Despite the importance of leaf stomata, little is known about interspecifie covariation in stomatal traits and their relations with other leaf functional traits on a large scale, partly due to a lack of data on leaf stomata in most studies. In the present study, we measured stomatal and leaf functional traits, including stomatal density （SD） , stomatal length （SL） , specific leaf area （SLA） , leaf area （LA） , leaf thickness （LT）, and nitrogen content （mass- and area-based, N and Narea ） of 150 plant species along an altitudinal gradient （540--2357 m） in Changbai Mountain, China. Our results showed that, for all species, the average values of SD and SL were 155.91 stomata/mm^2 and 34.51 μm, respectively; the average values of SLA, LA, and LT were 33.58 m^2/kg, 3291.30 mm^2, and 0.14 mm, respectively; the mean values of Nmass and Narea were 24.48 g/kg and 1.07 g/m^2. There were significant relationships between stomatal traits and other leaf functional traits （P 〈 0.05）. Specifically, SD was negatively correlated with SLA, and positively correlated with Naro^（P 〈 0.05） ; SL was negatively correlated with LA and N and positively correlated with LT （ all P 〈 0.05）. Additionally, SL was negatively correlated with SD （ P 〈 0.05）. Standardized major axis （SMA） analysis showed that these significant relationships between stomatal traits and morphological and chemical traits of leaves differed among different altitudes. However,

关 键 词：气孔密度 气孔长度 协同变异 叶片功能性状 海拔梯度 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]