煤矿氡浓度和γ射线辐射水平研究  

Investigation of Radon Concentration and γ Radiation Level in Coalmine

作　　者：刘员员[1] 隋涛[1] 韩明明[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省职业卫生与职业病防治研究院,济南250002

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2016年第2期86-88,共3页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的调查不同种类煤矿作业场所空气中氡浓度和γ射线辐射水平。方法分别选取褐煤矿、有烟煤矿和无烟煤矿各一个,用ZYW-850型测氡仪和FD-71型闪烁辐射仪测量各矿井下采煤面、掘进面、回风巷、主巷道以及地面室内、外空气中的氡浓度和γ射线辐射水平。每个作业点测3个平行样,用算数平均数±标准差来计算各作业面氡浓度和γ射线辐射量,并与全国地面室内、外及矿区地面室内、外辐射水平相比较。结果检测的3个煤矿井下氡浓度均值为31.5±16.9 Bq·m^(-3)(N=261),波动范围为4.9~46.3 Bq·m^(-3),低于全国室内氡浓度平均水平(44.1 Bq·m^(-3));三煤矿井下γ射线空气吸收率均值8.8±5.7×10^(-8)Gy·h^(-1)(N=264),波动范围为2.9~12.3×10^(-8)Gy·h^(-1),低于我国天然γ射线辐射室内空气吸收剂量率(均值为11.95±1.7×10^(-8)Gy·h^(-1),波动范围为1.4~54.2×10^(-8)Gy·h^(-1))水平。煤矿井下氡浓度略高于矿区地面室内水平(15.1±3.5 Bq·m^(-3));井下γ射线辐射水平略低于矿区地面室内水平(13.6±3.4×10^(-8)Gy·h^(-1)),但均无显著性差异;各煤矿井下氡浓度浓度和γ射线辐射水平之间均无显著差异。结论煤矿井下空气中氡浓度和γ射线辐射水平未见显著升高。Objective To observe the radon concentration and γ radiation level at different workplaces in coalmine. Methods Anthracite,bituminous and lignite coalmine were detected with low–background scintillation detector for radon concentration. Type FD–71 scintillation radiometer was used to measureγradiation level of workplace,namely shaft coalface,diving face,return airway,main road way and air in indoor and outdoor on ground. Three samples were selected at every workplace and the average level was compared with national indoor random concentration and γ radiation level. Results Arithmetic mean of radon concentration of underground coalmine was 31. 5 ± 16. 9Bq · m^（-3）（ N = 261）. The fluctuation range was 4. 9- 46. 3 Bq·m^（-3）,lower than the national average level（ 44. 1 Bq·m^（-3））. Arithmetic mean of γ radiation underground coalmine was 8. 8 ± 5. 7 × 10^（-8）Gy·h^（-1）（ N = 264）,and the fluctuation range was 2. 9-12. 3 × 10^（-8）Gy·h^（-1）,lower than national γ radiation average level（ arithmetic mean： 11. 95 ± 1. 7 × 10^（-8）Gy·h^（-1）,fluctuation range： 1. 4- 54. 2 × 10^（-8）Gy · h^（-1））. The radon concentration of underground of coalmine was higher than the radon concentration of ground building indoor（ 15. 1 ± 3. 5 Bq·m^（-3））. The γradiation level of underground of coalmine was lower than the average level of building indoor（ 13. 6 ± 3. 4× 10^（-8）Gy · h^（-1））. Yet there was no statistical difference between them either and there was no statistical difference among three coalmine underground. Conclusion Neither radon concentration nor γ radiation level of coalmine underground is notably increased.

关 键 词：煤矿 氡 γ-射线 肺癌 

分 类 号：R14[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]