变温以及酸、碱处理对打破3种苔草种子休眠的作用  

The Effect of Acid Scarification, Alkali Scarification and Temperature on Dormancy Break of Three Carex Seeds

作　　者：魏雨其 王显国[1] 孔令琪[1] 刘芳[2] 张义[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院草业科学系,北京100193 [2]全国畜牧总站,北京100125

出　　处：《草业与畜牧》2016年第2期3-9,共7页Pruataculture & Animal Husbandry

基　　金：国家大学生创新计划项目;国家牧草产业技术体系(21221019);国家科技支撑课题(21032029)资助

摘　　要：以3种野生苔草植物种子为材料,研究打破其休眠的最佳处理方法和发芽温度。采用预冷、硝酸钾预冷、NaOH溶液浸种和浓硫酸浸种对种子进行预处理,在15℃~30℃之间设置3个变温梯度,进行两因素完全随机发芽试验。结果表明：圆囊苔草的最适发芽温度为25/15℃,最佳处理为10%NaOH溶液处理10min,发芽率达91%;膨囊苔草的最适发芽温度为30/15℃,最佳处理为10%NaOH溶液处理120min,发芽率达54%,继续增加处理时间可能会进一步提高膨囊苔草的发芽率;异穗苔草的最适发芽温度为30/20℃变温,最佳处理为20%NaOH浸种120min,发芽率达93%。Three Carex seeds-Carex orbicularis, C. lehmannii, and C. heterostachya were used as test material, treated with four pretreatments： chilling with water and KNO_3, soaking with NaOH solutions and 98% H_2SO_4 solution, and germinating at three fluctuant temperatures during15℃~30℃. The results show that the optimum temperature of C. orbicular is 25/15℃, and the germination rate arrives91% after soaking with 10% NaOH solution for 10min; the optimum temperature of C. lehmannii is 30/15℃, and the germination rate arrives 54% after soaking with 10% NaOH solution for 120min; The germination rate of C. heterostachya arrives 93% after soaking with20%NaOH solution for 120 min under 30/20℃.

关 键 词：苔草种子 变温 酸碱预处理 发芽率 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]