夏季南海北部微型浮游动物群落  

Microzooplankton communities in the northern South China Sea in summer

作　　者：李灼[1,2] 孙军[1,2] 刘海娇[1,2] 薛冰[1,2] 张翠霞[1,2] 张锐[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津300457 [2]天津科技大学天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室,天津300457 [3]厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《海洋学报》2016年第4期31-42,共12页

基　　金：海洋局公益性项目(201105021-03);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB954002);教育部新世纪优秀人才计划(NCET-12-1065);国家自然科学基金(41176136;41276124;41306119)

摘　　要：根据2014年8月至9月于珠江口至南海中部断面（18°00′-22°00′N,114°00′-116°00′E）的南海北部海域进行采样调查,并进行了微型浮游动物群落分析。共发现微型浮游动物142种,隶属于2门44属,其中砂壳纤毛虫28属78种,占所有发现物种数的54.93%;寡毛类纤毛虫14属59种,占所有发现物种数的41.55%。优势类群为：拟卡金斯急游虫（Strombidium paracalkinsi）、具沟急游虫（Strombidium sulcatum）、维尔伯特急游虫（Strombidium wilberti）和无节幼体（nauplii）。调查区微型浮游动物的丰度介于11.43959.35ind/L之间,平均值为264.99ind/L。微型浮游动物垂直分布总体特点是密集区位于50m水层,50m水层之下丰度逐渐减少。表层微型浮游动物丰度高值区位于J5—I1站位之间。断面的香农-威纳指数范围在0.92-4.18之间,平均值为2.77;均匀度指数在0.63-1之间,平均值为0.87。应用典范对应分析（CCA）发现温度和盐度是影响微型浮游动物群落的重要因素。通过对连续追踪站位的调查发现,上层水体微型浮游动物群落丰度随着时间而发生一定的变化,下层水体相对较平缓。微型浮游动物昼夜的垂直丰度变化与叶绿素浓度昼夜变化大致相符。Microzooplankton communities in the northern South China Sea（18°00′-22°00′N,114°00′-116°00′E）were investigated during August and September in 2014.With the analysis by Utermhl method,a total of 142 taxa which belong to 44 genera of 2phyla were identified.Tintinnid（28genera and 78 species were identified）accounted for 54.93% of the species,41.55% were oligotrichs（14genera and 59species）.Dominant taxa included Strombidium paracalkinsi,Strombidium sulcatum,Strombidium wilberti and the nauplii.Abundance of microzooplankton ranged from 11.43ind/L to 959.35ind/L,with an average of 264.99ind/L.Microzooplankton were mainly concentrated at depths 50 m,and decreased gradually bellow 50 m.Microzooplankton in the surface water were mainly concentrated in the Station J5 and Station I1.Shannon-Wiener diversity index of vertical distributions ranged from 0.92 to 4.18,with an average of 2.77.Pielou＇s evenness index ranged from 0.63 to 1,with an average of 0.87.According to canonical correspondence analysis（CCA）,temperature and salinity are important factors of microzooplankton communities.In the time-series stations（J4and SEATS）,the diurnal fluctuation of microzooplankton communities changed lightly in the upper water but more stable in the lower water.Microzooplankton communities temporal changes are generally coincide with chlorophyll adistributions.

关 键 词：微型浮游动物 群落结构 昼夜变化 南海北部 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]