三江源花石峡地区植被退化与土壤养分的关联  

Relevance of vegetation degradation and soil nutrient at Huashixia Area of Three River Source Region in China

作　　者：杨永梅[1,2] 李惠梅[1,2] 高泽兵[1,2] 杨海镇[1,2] 卓玛措[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学公共管理学院,青海西宁810007 [2]青海省青藏高原生态环境研究所,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2016年第2期361-367,共7页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：三江源区玛多县土壤微环境变化与草场退化的关联性研究(Z2014027);基于土地生态安全的青南高原藏区土地空间优化配置研究(41161030)

摘　　要：为探索三江源区草地退化过程中植被与土壤养分之间的关联性,对果洛州玛多县花石峡地区不同退化梯度草甸的植被特征和土壤养分进行了相关性分析。结果表明:在山地草甸梯度退化过程中,优质牧草丰富度、盖度均降低,低产杂草类植被比例增加;随着退化梯度加剧和土壤剖面加深,土壤养分梯度变化明显,有机质含量明显下降,土壤呈碱化趋势,速效磷含量下降。植被盖度与土壤速效磷、p H值、有机质含量呈高度关联性。有机质和磷肥是植被恢复重建的关键。In order to study the relevance between vegetation and soil nutrient in the degradation of the mountain meadow at Three River Source region,Qinghai Province,China,analysis of correlation between vegetation characteristics and soil nutrients were carried out on different degraded meadow in Huashi area of Maduo County of Golog Prefecture. The results showed that： in the degradation process,high-quality grass richness and coverage decreased,such as Kobresia pgymaea,while the proportion of low class weed increased,such as Leontopodium alpinum and Artemisia stelleriana. With the aggravation of degraded mountain meadow and increment of soil depth,there were significantly gradient changes for soil organic matter,p H value and available phosphorus. Organic matter decreased significantly. Content of organic matter of non-,mild-,moderate- and severe-degraded meadow were 52.12 g·kg^-1,36.02 g·kg^-1,25.54 g·kg^-1,13.36 g·kg^-1in top 0^-10 cm layers,which had declined to 20.80 g·kg^-1,25.92 g·kg^-1,13.67 g·kg^-1,12.55 g·kg^-1in the 20-30 cm layers. The soil was alkalized,and soil p H value was 6.88 at non-degraded alpine meadow,while soil p H value was above 8 at moderate- and severe-degradation meadow. The soil p H value increased gradually with the increase of soil depth. Available phosphorus decreased significantly. Content of available phosphorus of non-,mild-,moderate- and severe-degraded meadow were 27.13 mg·kg^-1,14.12 mg·kg^-1,9.26 mg·kg^-1,5.46 mg·kg^-1at top 0^-10 cm layers,while those values had declined to 16.13 mg·kg^-1,10.88 mg·kg^-1,1.97 mg·kg^-1,4.46 mg·kg^-1at the 10-20 cm layers. There were high correlation between vegetation coverage and available phosphorus,p H and organic matter,and associated value were 0.944 8,-0.979 9,0.898 2. The two previous data reached significant level. Available P and organic matter are the key factors affecting the growth of vegetation. The innovation and high light of this paper is the discussion about the effect of available phosphorus,p H and organic matter

关 键 词：三江源 土壤养分 植被 关联性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]